New Approach against Chondrosoma Cells—Cold Plasma Treatment Inhibits Cell Motility and Metabolism, and Leads to Apoptosis

Abstract

(1) Background: Chondrosarcoma (CS) is a malignant primary bone tumor with a cartilaginous origin. Its slow cell division and severely restricted vascularization are responsible for its poor responsiveness to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The decisive factor for the prognosis of CS patients is the only adequate therapy—surgical resection. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) is emerging as a new option in anti-cancer therapy. Its effect on chondrosarcomas has been poorly investigated. (2) Methods: Two CS cell lines—SW 1353 and CAL 78—were used. Various assays, such as cell growth kinetics, glucose uptake, and metabolic activity assay, along with two different apoptosis assays were performed after CAP treatment. A radius cell migration assay was used to examine cell motility. (3) Results: Both cell lines showed different growth behavior, which was taken into account when using the assays. After CAP treatment, a reduction in metabolic activity was observed in both cell lines. The immediate effect of CAP showed a reduction in cell numbers and in influence on this cell line’s growth rate. The measurement of the glucose concentration in the cell culture medium showed an increase after CAP treatment. Live-dead cell imaging shows an increase in the proportion of dead cells over the incubation time for both cell lines. There was a significant increase in apoptotic signals after 48 h and 72 h for both cell lines in both assays. The migration assay showed that CAP treatment inhibited the motility of chondrosarcoma cells. The effects in all experiments were related to the duration of CAP exposure. (4) Conclusions: The CAP treatment of CS cells inhibits their growth, motility, and metabolism by initiating apoptotic processes.

The shift in the laminar‐to‐turbulent transition flow mode in atmospheric pressure plasma jet

“…These components, atomic oxygen, and hydroxyl radicals act as strong oxidizing species which make plasma jet favorable for more biomedical applications. [ 49,50 ] The UV‐range 200–450 nm presented in Figure 7 ensures the existence of OH band 305–312 nm (A 2 ∑ + → X 2 $${\rm{\pi }})$$ and the N 2 2nd positive system (C 3 $${\rm{\pi }}$$ u → B 3 $${\rm{\pi }}$$ g ) appear. The highest intensities spectra of the second positive system bands were belonged to the vibrational transitions (0–0) at 337.1 nm, (1–0) at 315.9 nm, and (0–1) at 357.7 nm.…”

“…and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as observed in previous research. [49,51] Nitrogen and oxygen species are created because the plasma is ejected into air where its active electrons, Ar metastable ionize and excite air molecules. [52] These lines or bands are produced from ionization and dissociation of the ambient air which contains oxygen, nitrogen, and water vapor.…”

Chloroquine Enhances Death in Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells Exposed to Cold Atmospheric Plasma Jet

“…Variation of the CAP exposure parameters affected the amount of reactive oxygen species generated by the plasma jet that triggered oxidative stress [34][35][36]. We compared the dynamic of the amount of intracellular ROS after semi-selective CAP exposure of A549 and Wi-38 cells (1 min) by flow cytometry using the ROS-sensitive fluorescent indicator DCFDA.…”

Receptor-Mediated Redox Imbalance: An Emerging Clinical Avenue against Aggressive Cancers

“…Among the various tools capable of manipulating cellular redox levels, cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), being a fourth state of matter, represents an emerging onco-therapeutic modality and fulfills these requirements, with its selectivity against cancer cells versus normal cells having been demonstrated in multiple types of cancers [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Specifically, CAP has been shown capable of attenuating the growth of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells [ 5 ], halting the migrative ability of TNBC and bladder cancer cells [ 6 ], boosting cellular immune response and enabling checkpoint blockade therapy against melanoma [ 7 ], enhancing the uptake by and maturation of peripheral blood monocyte-derived dendritic cells together with an inflammatory secretion profile in peritoneal carcinomatosis [ 9 ], and reducing the metabolism of chondrosoma cells [ 8 ]. This selectivity owes to the unique mechanisms of CAP in disrupting the antioxidant system of malignant cells that cannot be achieved by normal chemical mixtures of the reactive species present in cold plasmas [ 5 ] and may be linked to the differential contributions of its cocktail content.…”