New and emerging technologies for detecting Magnaporthe oryzae causing blast disease in crop plants

Kumar, Sudheer; Kashyap, Prem Lal; Mahapatra, Sunita; Jasrotia, Poonam; Singh, Gyanendra Pratap

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105473

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Magnaporthe grisea , the causal agent of rice blast disease, is a major devastating pathogen resulting in a loss of 40% of global yield [ 191 ]. This ascomycete can infect more than 130 Poaceae species, including barley, wheat, and millet [ 192 , 193 ]. The anti-blast activity of momilactones A and B was first reported in 1977 by Cartwright et al [ 56 ].…”

Section: Biological Activities Of Rice Phytoalexinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice Phytoalexins: Half a Century of Amazing Discoveries; Part I: Distribution, Biosynthesis, Chemical Synthesis, and Biological Activities

Valletta

Iozia

Fattorini

et al. 2023

Plants

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Cultivated rice is a staple food for more than half of the world’s population, providing approximately 20% of the world’s food energy needs. A broad spectrum of pathogenic microorganisms causes rice diseases leading to huge yield losses worldwide. Wild and cultivated rice species are known to possess a wide variety of antimicrobial secondary metabolites, known as phytoalexins, which are part of their active defense mechanisms. These compounds are biosynthesized transiently by rice in response to pathogens and certain abiotic stresses. Rice phytoalexins have been intensively studied for over half a century, both for their biological role and their potential application in agronomic and pharmaceutical fields. In recent decades, the growing interest of the research community, combined with advances in chemical, biological, and biomolecular investigation methods, has led to a notable acceleration in the growth of knowledge on rice phytoalexins. This review provides an overview of the knowledge gained in recent decades on the diversity, distribution, biosynthesis, chemical synthesis, and bioactivity of rice phytoalexins, with particular attention to the most recent advances in this research field.

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Section: Biological Activities Of Rice Phytoalexinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice Phytoalexins: Half a Century of Amazing Discoveries; Part I: Distribution, Biosynthesis, Chemical Synthesis, and Biological Activities

Valletta

Iozia

Fattorini

et al. 2023

Plants

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show abstract

“…The filamentous fungus Magnaporthe oryzae causes rice blast, one of the most destructive diseases of cultivated rice in the world [ 1 ]. Fungicide application and development of blast-resistant rice varieties are the main approaches for combating the disease [ 2 ]. However, fungicides application is not always effective and has usually led to a harmful effect on the environment [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Candidate Effectors from Magnaporthe oryzae by In Vitro Secretomic Analysis

Shi

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Magnaporthe oryzae is the causal agent of rice blast, one of the most serious diseases of rice worldwide. Secreted proteins play essential roles during a M. oryzae–rice interaction. Although much progress has been made in recent decades, it is still necessary to systematically explore M. oryzae-secreted proteins and to analyze their functions. This study employs a shotgun-based proteomic analysis to investigate the in vitro secretome of M. oryzae by spraying fungus conidia onto the PVDF membrane to mimic the early stages of infection, during which 3315 non-redundant secreted proteins were identified. Among these proteins, 9.6% (319) and 24.7% (818) are classified as classically or non-classically secreted proteins, while the remaining 1988 proteins (60.0%) are secreted through currently unknown secretory pathway. Functional characteristics analysis show that 257 (7.8%) and 90 (2.7%) secreted proteins are annotated as CAZymes and candidate effectors, respectively. Eighteen candidate effectors are selected for further experimental validation. All 18 genes encoding candidate effectors are significantly up- or down-regulated during the early infection process. Sixteen of the eighteen candidate effectors cause the suppression of BAX-mediated cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana by using an Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression assay, suggesting their involvement in pathogenicity related to secretion effectors. Our results provide high-quality experimental secretome data of M. oryzae and will expand our knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of M. oryzae pathogenesis.

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“…Seed treatments with systemic fungicides and foliar sprays have remained effective from the beginning in rice blast management [16][17][18][19][20]. The current major strategies for managing the disease are the development of resistant varieties and application of fungicides [21]. At present, the blast disease is mainly managed by cultivating the resistant varieties; however, this strategy is often challenged by the development of new pathogenic races resulting in the resistance breakdown within a few years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In such cases, the disease in susceptible rice varieties is managed by the application of chemical fungicides [22]. Hence, chemical control is still widely practiced and is the most successful strategy for managing crop losses due to blast globally [21,23]. The fungicides chlorothalonil, tricyclazole, hexaconazole, carbendazim, and propiconazole have been reported to be effective in the management of rice blast disease [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of Strobilurin and Triazole Chemicals for the Management of Blast Disease in Mushk Budji -Aromatic Rice

Mohiddin

Bhat

Wani

et al. 2021

JoF

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Rice blast is considered one of the most important fungal diseases of rice. Although diseases can be managed by using resistant cultivars, the blast pathogen has successfully overcome the single gene resistance in a short period and rendered several varieties susceptible to blast which were otherwise intended to be resistant. As such, chemical control is still the most efficient method of disease control for reducing the losses caused due to diseases. Field experiments were conducted over two successive years, 2018 and 2019, in temperate rice growing areas in northern India. All the fungicides effectively reduced leaf blast incidence and intensity, and neck blast incidence under field conditions. Tricyclazole proved most effective against rice blast and recorded a leaf blast incidence of only 8.41%. Among the combinations of fungicides, azoxystrobin + difenoconazole and azoxystrobin + tebuconazole were highly effective, recording a leaf blast incidence of 9.19 and 10.40%, respectively. The chemical combination mancozeb + carbendazim proved less effective in controlling the blast and it recorded a disease incidence of 27.61%. A similar trend was followed in neck blast incidence with tricyclazole, azoxystrobin + difenoconazole, and azoxystrobin + tebuconazole showing the highest levels of blast reductions. It is evident from the current study that the tested fungicide combinations can be used as alternatives to tricyclazole which is facing the challenges of fungicide resistance development and other environmental concerns and has been banned from use in India and other countries. The manuscript may provide a guideline of fungicide application to farmers cultivating susceptible varieties of rice.

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New and emerging technologies for detecting Magnaporthe oryzae causing blast disease in crop plants

Cited by 20 publications

References 73 publications

Rice Phytoalexins: Half a Century of Amazing Discoveries; Part I: Distribution, Biosynthesis, Chemical Synthesis, and Biological Activities

Rice Phytoalexins: Half a Century of Amazing Discoveries; Part I: Distribution, Biosynthesis, Chemical Synthesis, and Biological Activities

Screening of Candidate Effectors from Magnaporthe oryzae by In Vitro Secretomic Analysis

Combination of Strobilurin and Triazole Chemicals for the Management of Blast Disease in Mushk Budji -Aromatic Rice

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