New and emerging cosmetic allergens

Davies, Rosie F.; Johnston, Graham A.R.

doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.11.010

Cited by 42 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Conversely, IPBC, a small lipophilic molecule that may readily penetrate the skin, is an emerging allergen with an increasing prevalence over the last few years. This preservative is now being used with increasing frequency, especially in cosmetic products . The sensitization frequency to IPBC in Europe varied from 0.2% to 0.3% in the late 1990s to 0.6% from 2000 to 2011 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contact allergy to preservatives: ESSCA* results with the baseline series, 2009–2012

Giménez‐Arnau

Deza

Bauer

et al. 2017

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Contact allergy to biocides is common throughout Europe, and regional differences could be explained by differences in exposure or characteristics of the population tested. Timely regulatory action for isothiazolinones is required. Although MDBGN is banned from cosmetics products since 2005, sensitization prevalence has not appeared to plateau. IPBC is an emerging allergen with an increasing prevalence over the last few years, and its inclusion in the European baseline series may be appropriate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This preservative is now being used with increasing frequency, especially in cosmetic products. 40 The sensitization frequency to IPBC in Europe varied from 0.2% to 0.3% in the late 1990s to 0.6% from 2000 to 2011. [41][42][43] The IVDK showed a prevalence of contact allergy of 0.9% between 1996 and 2009, with an increase in the last years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact allergy to preservatives: ESSCA* results with the baseline series, 2009–2012

Giménez‐Arnau

Deza

Bauer

et al. 2017

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Section: Perfuming Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fragrance mix II, which contains hexyl cinnamal, lyral, citral, farnesol, citronellol and coumarin, enables identification of further fragrance allergies and was introduced to standard patch testing by some authorities (e.g. the British Contact Dermatitis Society) [22]. Tables I, II and III present INCI names and the chemical structures of selected derivatives of cinnamic acid, cinnamaldehyde and cinnamyl alcohol, all of which are used in cosmetics as perfuming or masking ingredients.…”

Section: Perfuming Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cinnamic acid derivatives in cosmetics: current use and future prospects

Gunia‐Krzyżak

Słoczyńska

Popiół

et al. 2018

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

128

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Cinnamic acid derivatives are widely used in cosmetics and possess various functions. This group of compounds includes both naturally occurring and synthetic substances. On the basis of the Cosmetic Ingredient Database (CosIng) and available literature, this review summarizes their functions in cosmetics, including their physicochemical and biological properties as well as reported adverse effects. A perfuming function is typical of many derivatives of cinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl alcohol, dihydrocinnamyl alcohol and cinnamic acid itself; these substances are commonly used in cosmetics all over the world. Some of them show allergic and photoallergic potential, resulting in restrictions in maximum concentrations and/or a requirement to indicate the presence of some substances in the list of ingredients when their concentrations exceed certain fixed values in a cosmetic product. Another important function of cinnamic acid derivatives in cosmetics is UV protection. Ester derivatives such as ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (octinoxate), isoamyl p-methoxycinnamte (amiloxiate), octocrylene and cinoxate are used in cosmetics all over the world as UV filters. However, their maximum concentrations in cosmetic products are restricted due to their adverse effects, which include contact and a photocontact allergies, phototoxic contact dermatitis, contact dermatitis, estrogenic modulation and generation of reactive oxygen species. Other rarely utilized functions of cinnamic acid derivatives are as an antioxidant, in skin conditioning, hair conditioning, as a tonic and in antimicrobial activities. Moreover, some currently investigated natural and synthetic derivatives of cinnamic acid have shown skin lightening and anti-ageing properties. Some of them may become new cosmetic ingredients in the future. In particular, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, which is currently indexed as a skin-conditioning cosmetics ingredient, has been widely tested in vitro and in vivo as a new drug candidate for the treatment of hyperpigmentation.

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“…2,8-10 Furthermore, given their widespread use in daily life, treatment of patients sensitized to these compounds is challenging, since allergen avoidance may be very difficult to achieve. 11,12 Therefore, because preservatives represent nowadays one of the major causes of contact allergy, the knowledge of their clinical and epidemiological features, along with the analysis of time trends, is of critical importance, since frequent sensitizers could be subject to prevention and further regulatory interventions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%