New Advances in Cervical Cancer: From Bench to Bedside

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy and the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. Over the last two decades, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has emerged as the mainstay in the surgical management of early-stage cervical cancer, bringing advantages such as a lower operative morbidity and shorter hospital stay compared to open surgery, while maintaining comparable oncologic outcomes in numerous retrospective studies. Considering oncological patients, it is mandatory to assess the oncological outcomes and safety of this type of surgery. Moreover, there are different future outlooks on cervical cancer therapy, based on immunotherapy, target therapy, and poly-ADP-ribose polymerases (PARP) inhibitors in combination with each other, and in combination with standard chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The goal is to find an approach that is as personalized as possible.

Evaluation of Surgical Outcomes of Abdominal Radical Hysterectomy and Total Laparoscopic Radical Hysterectomy for Cervical Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis of Data Collected before the LACC Trial

“…Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer, and one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide [ 1 , 2 ]. In addition, cervical cancer is a major cause of cancer deaths among women of low and middle income countries [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Advances on Prevention and Screening of Gynecologic Tumors: Are We Stepping Forward?

“…There are three approaches used to manage cancers, based on the concept of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. The primary prevention approach focuses on preventing disease before it develops (i.e., prophylactic treatment); secondary prevention attempts to detect the disease as early as possible (i.e., early detection); and tertiary prevention is directed at managing a present disease (i.e., treatment) [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

“…Cervical cancer represents an ideal model in which to apply primary, secondary, and tertiary preventions. Prophylactic vaccination against HPV aims to reduce the burden of HPV infection and HPV-related lesions (including both precancerous lesions and overt cervical cancer) [ 6 , 7 ]. Vaccination (including bivalent, quadrivalent, and nonavalent vaccines) reduce the incident and persistent infections from HPV types included in the vaccines.…”

“…Vaccination (including bivalent, quadrivalent, and nonavalent vaccines) reduce the incident and persistent infections from HPV types included in the vaccines. Cross protection against other HPV types, not included in the vaccine, is shown only in vaccines that have the adjuvant substance 04 (AS04) [ 6 , 7 ]. Accumulating evidence suggests that the adoption of the vaccines resulted in a significant decrease in HPV infection, HPV lesions, and cervical cancer [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

“…Cross protection against other HPV types, not included in the vaccine, is shown only in vaccines that have the adjuvant substance 04 (AS04) [ 6 , 7 ]. Accumulating evidence suggests that the adoption of the vaccines resulted in a significant decrease in HPV infection, HPV lesions, and cervical cancer [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. In particular, the most recent Cochrane systematic review about the topic clarified that both nonavalent and quadrivalent vaccines offer similar protection against a combined outcome of cervical, vaginal, and vulval precancer lesions or cancer [ 10 ].…”