“…(Corey, 1953, p. 23) All of the projects we examined during our evaluation exhibited these common features described in the literature. At the same time, the literature also alerted us to the long running conflicts and tensions within action research: differences of opinion about the role of theory (Lewin, 1948;Elliott, 1978Elliott, , 1980Stenhouse, 1979Stenhouse, , 1985 and the extent to which projects should build on what is known; tensions about whether they can and should contribute to the public stock of knowledge as well as the improvement of practice; differences of opinion about generalization, how it can be achieved and whether or not it is important (Corey, 1953;Elliott, 1980;Wallace, 1987); tensions about quality and validity and how they might be established and how one might distinguish 'between rigorous and sloppy work' (Wallace, 1987, p. 112); and finally, and most fundamentally of all, controversy about whether or not action research is indeed research at all (Hodgkinson, 1957;Foster, 1999;Hammersley, 2004). Again, many of the projects we examined reflected these tensions and differences of opinion and we comment on them in more detail below.…”