Neutrophilic Dermatoses in Autoimmune Diseases: Report of Two Cases Associated with Autoimmune Thyroiditis

Cassisa, Angelo

doi:10.1159/000486669

Cited by 1 publication

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“…In the differential diagnosis of acute leukocytoclastic vasculitis, secondary vasculitis manifests at the base of ulcers or within significant neutrophilic dermal infiltrates, necessitating a thorough examination for vessel alterations beyond the ulcer areas. Conversely, neutrophilic urticaria features neutrophils surrounding dermal vessels without the presence of leukocytoclasis, endothelial harm, or fibrin accumulations, as depicted in Figure 4 97 .…”

Section: Histopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous vasculitis: insights into pathogenesis and histopathological features

Cassisa,

Cima

2024

Pathologica

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Summary The mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of vasculitis remain poorly understood. This condition is characterized by damage to the vascular wall, recruitment of inflammatory cells, and subsequent structural remodeling, which are hallmarks of vasculitis. The histopathological classification of vasculitis relies on the size of the affected vessel and the predominant type of inflammatory cell involved – neutrophils in acute cases, lymphocytes in chronic conditions, and histiocytes in granulomatous forms. Pathological changes progress in every context, and a single vasculitic pattern can be associated with various systemic conditions. Conversely, a single causative agent may lead to multiple distinct clinical and pathological manifestations of vasculitis. Moreover, many cases of vasculitis have no identifiable cause. A foundational understanding of the normal structure of the cutaneous vascular network is crucial. Similarly, identifying the cellular and molecular participants and their roles in forming the “dermal microvascular unit” is propedeutical. This review aims to elucidate the complex mechanisms involved in the initiation and progression of vasculitis, offering a comprehensive overview of its histopathological classification, underlying causes, and the significant role of the cutaneous vascular network and cellular dynamics. By integrating the latest insights from studies on NETosis and the implications of lymphocytic infiltration in autoimmune diseases, we seek to bridge gaps in current knowledge and highlight areas for future research. Our discussion extends to the clinical implications of vasculitis, emphasizing the importance of identifying etiological agents and understanding the diverse histopathological manifestations to improve diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes.

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Section: Histopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%