Neutron Stimulated Emission Computed Tomography for Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

Kapadia, Anuj J.; Sharma, Ajeet D.; Tourassi, Georgia D.; Bender, Janelle E.; Howell, C. R.; Crowell, A. S.; Kiser, M.R.; Harrawood, Brian P.; Pedroni, R.S.; Floyd, Carey E.

doi:10.1109/tns.2007.909847

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Neutron stimulated emission computed tomography (NSECT) is being developed [5] as a non-invasive spectroscopic imaging technique to determine element concentrations in the human body. NSECT uses a beam of fast neutrons that scatter inelastically from atomic nuclei in tissue, causing them to emit characteristic gamma photons that are detected and identified using an energy-sensitive gamma detector.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depth Segmentation Method for Cancer Detection in Mammography Images

Parvathy¹

2015

IJRITCC

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Abstract-Breast cancer detection remains a subject matter of intense and also a stream that will create a path for numerous debates. Mammography has long been the mainstay of breast cancer detection and is the only screening test proven to reduce mortality. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have the potential to assist radiologists in the early detection of cancer. Many techniques were introduced based on SVM classifier, spatial and frequency domain, active contour method, k-NN clustering method but these methods have so many disadvantages on the SNR ratio, efficiency etc. The quality of detection of cancer cells is dependent with the segmentation of the mammography image. Here a new method is proposed for segmentation. This algorithm focuses to segment the image depth wise and also coloured based segmentation is implemented. Here the feature identification and detection of malignant and benign cells are done more easily and also to increase the efficiency to detect the early stages of breast cancer through mammography images. In which the relative signal enhancement technique is also done for high dynamic range images. Markovian random function can be used in the depth segmentation. Markov Random Field (MRF) is used in mammography images. It is because this method can model intensity in homogeneities occurring in these images. This will be helpful to find the featured tumor Keywords-Computer aided diagnosis, KNN, Mammography, Markovian radon function SVM.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depth Segmentation Method for Cancer Detection in Mammography Images

Parvathy¹

2015

IJRITCC

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“…The distinctive aspect lies in providing a three-dimensional map of the elements of the body or part of the body through the spectral tomographic imaging with a low-dose and portable measuring system. All of the above features can be potentially found in a new in vivo spectroscopic imaging technique called Neutron Stimulated Emission Computed Tomography (NSECT) (Kapadia et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was suggested that this method could be applied to diagnose thalassemia, Alzheimer's, hemosiderosis, hemochromatosis and also several cancers such as prostate and breast cancer (Kapadia et al, 2008). Breast cancer is a common cancer of global concern, which is easily treated if it is diagnosed before the tumors or calcifications begin to appear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the adult female phantom in the supine and prone postures and initial dose assessment in breast cancer diagnosis with Neutron Stimulated Emission Computed Tomography

2015

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-In this study, the delivered dose for breast cancer diagnosis by NSECT was assessed in two different configurations, using a model of a human whole body, which was simulated in the supine and prone positions. In the system with the phantom in the prone posture, the adjacent organ doses were considerably decreased. In total irradiation, the breast equivalent dose was less than 10 mSv, which is received in a typical chest CT scan. To apply NSECT as a low-dose clinical imaging system, improving the detection system is required.

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“…21,22 Diagnostic tests and screening procedures involving ionizing radiation provide a great utility to physicians. However, the dose from ionizing radiation must be quantified in order to allow for the optimization of the procedure and to determine whether the benefit of the diagnostic information outweighs the detriment, thus justifying its use for each individual patient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NSECT and GSECT have been investigated previously for tomographic imaging of breast cancer 20,21,23 and liver iron overload. 24,14,22,25 These investigations found that neutron and gamma fluences of 1.88 × 10 9 cm −2 and 6.95 × 10 12 cm −2 , respectively, were required to produce clinically useful 3D images for cancer detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of individual organ doses in a realistic human phantom from neutron and gamma stimulated spectroscopy of the breast and liver

2014

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Purpose: Understanding the radiation dose to a patient is essential when considering the use of an ionizing diagnostic imaging test for clinical diagnosis and screening. Using Monte Carlo simulations, the authors estimated the three-dimensional organ-dose distribution from neutron and gamma irradiation of the male liver, female liver, and female breasts for neutron-and gamma-stimulated spectroscopic imaging. Methods: Monte Carlo simulations were developed using the Geant4 GATE application and a voxelized XCAT human phantom. A male and a female whole body XCAT phantom was voxelized into 256 × 256 × 600 voxels (3.125 × 3.125 × 3.125 mm 3 ). A monoenergetic rectangular beam of 5.0 MeV neutrons or 7.0 MeV photons was made incident on a 2 cm thick slice of the phantom. The beam was rotated at eight different angles around the phantom ranging from 0• to 180• . Absorbed dose was calculated for each individual organ in the body and dose volume histograms were computed to analyze the absolute and relative doses in each organ. Results: The neutron irradiations of the liver showed the highest organ dose absorption in the liver, with appreciably lower doses in other proximal organs. The dose distribution within the irradiated slice exhibited substantial attenuation with increasing depth along the beam path, attenuating to ∼15% of the maximum value at the beam exit side. The gamma irradiation of the liver imparted the highest organ dose to the stomach wall. The dose distribution from the gammas showed a region of dose buildup at the beam entrance, followed by a relatively uniform dose distribution to all of the deep tissue structures, attenuating to ∼75% of the maximum value at the beam exit side. For the breast scans, both the neutron and gamma irradiation registered maximum organ doses in the breasts, with all other organs receiving less than 1% of the breast dose. Effective doses ranged from 0.22 to 0.37 mSv for the neutron scans and 41 to 66 mSv for the gamma scans. Conclusions: Neutron and gamma irradiation of a primary target organ was found to impart the majority of the total dose to the primary target organ (and other large organs) within the beam plane and considerably lower dose to proximal organs outside of the beam. These results also indicate that despite the use of a highly scattering particle such as a neutron, the dose from neutron stimulated emission computed tomography scans is on par with other clinical imaging techniques such as x-ray computed tomography (x-ray CT). Given the high nonuniformity in the dose across an organ during the neutron scan, care must be taken when computing average doses from neutron irradiations. The effective doses from neutron scanning were found to be comparable to x-ray CT. Further technique modifications are needed to reduce the effective dose levels from the gamma scans.

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Neutron Stimulated Emission Computed Tomography for Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

Cited by 34 publications

References 27 publications

Depth Segmentation Method for Cancer Detection in Mammography Images

Depth Segmentation Method for Cancer Detection in Mammography Images

Modeling the adult female phantom in the supine and prone postures and initial dose assessment in breast cancer diagnosis with Neutron Stimulated Emission Computed Tomography

Assessment of individual organ doses in a realistic human phantom from neutron and gamma stimulated spectroscopy of the breast and liver

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