Neutron Stars Exclude Light Dark Baryons

McKeen, David; Nelson, Ann E.; Reddy, Sanjay; Zhou, Dake

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.121.061802

Cited by 106 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In order to reproduce the observed value of Y B ∼ 8.7 × 10 −11 , the experimental observables in Eq. (2.4) must, after scanning over the (m Φ , Γ Φ ) parameter space, lie within the ranges we conclude that the amount of CP violation predicted by the SM is typically not enough for successful 6 The authors of [40] showed that the observation of neutron stars with masses greater than 2M constrains the mass of a dark particle carrying baryon number to be greater than the neutron chemical potential inside the star, which is about 1.2 GeV. Otherwise, if a light dark baryon did exist, a process such as n + n → DM + DM could occur within the star.…”

Section: Baryogenesis and Dark Matter From B Mesonsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…As an example of an application, in Sec. 2 we have used the results of [40] to restrict our parameter space to dark baryon masses greater than ∼ 1.2 GeV, as lighter dark baryons would lead to a process that would deplete the neutrons (and therefore the Fermi pressure) via conversion into DM within the star. We now examine constraints on our model arising from the possibility that DM is captured inside the core of a neutron star.…”

Section: Dark Matter Capture In Neutron Starsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A supersymmetric theory of baryogenesis and sterile sneutrino dark matter from B mesons

Alonso-Álvarez¹,

Elor

Nelson

et al. 2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

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Low-scale baryogenesis and dark matter generation can occur via the production of neutral B mesons at MeV temperatures in the early Universe, which undergo CP-violating oscillations and subsequently decay into a dark sector. In this work, we discuss the consequences of realizing this mechanism in a supersymmetric model with an unbroken U (1) R symmetry which is identified with baryon number. B mesons decay into a dark sector through a baryon number conserving operator mediated by TeV scale squarks and a GeV scale Dirac bino. The dark sector particles can be identified with sterile neutrinos and their superpartners in a type-I seesaw framework for neutrino masses. The sterile sneutrinos are sufficiently long lived and constitute the dark matter. The produced matter-antimatter asymmetry is directly related to observables measurable at B factories and hadron colliders, the most relevant of which are the semileptonic-leptonic asymmetries in neutral B meson systems and the inclusive branching fraction of B mesons into hadrons and missing energy. We discuss model independent constraints on these experimental observables before quoting predictions made in the supersymmetric context. Constraints from astrophysics, neutrino physics and flavor observables are studied, as are potential LHC signals with a focus on novel long lived particle searches which are directly linked to properties of the dark sector.

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Section: Baryogenesis and Dark Matter From B Mesonsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Dark Matter Capture In Neutron Starsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A supersymmetric theory of baryogenesis and sterile sneutrino dark matter from B mesons

Alonso-Álvarez¹,

Elor

Nelson

et al. 2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

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“…Note that these models have trouble with neutron star stability [11][12][13]. The conversion of neutrons to dark matter in the neutron star softens the nuclear equation of state to the point that neutron stars above two solar masses are not possible, which is in contradiction with observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Annihilation signatures of neutron dark decay models in neutron oscillation and proton decay searches

Keung

Marfatia

Tseng

2019

J. High Energ. Phys.

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We point out that two models that reconcile the neutron lifetime anomaly via dark decays of the neutron, also predict dark matter-neutron (χ − n) annihilation that may be observable in neutron-antineutron oscillation and proton decay searches at Super-Kamiokande, Hyper-Kamiokande and DUNE. We study signatures ofχn → γπ 0 (or multi-π 0 ) andχn → φγπ 0 (or φ+multi-π 0 ), where φ is an almost massless boson in one of the two models.

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“…Recently, Fornal and Grinstein [9] have proposed different decay channels involving a dark matter particle. These branches would have been missed by the most precise beta decay method experiments which have detected decay protons [10].Neutron stars have been used to severely constrain these branches [11][12][13] but some models evade these constraints [14]. Czarnecki et al have derived a very general bound of < 0.27 % (95 % C.L.)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neutron stars have been used to severely constrain these branches [11][12][13] but some models evade these constraints [14]. Czarnecki et al have derived a very general bound of < 0.27 % (95 % C.L.)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on the Dark Matter Interpretation n→χ+e+e− of the Neutron Decay Anomaly with the PERKEO II Experiment

et al. 2019

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Discrepancies from in-beam and in-bottle type experiments measuring the neutron lifetime are on the 4σ standard deviation level. In a recent publication Fornal and Grinstein proposed that the puzzle could be solved if the neutron would decay on the one percent level via a dark decay mode, one possible branch being n → χ + e + e − . With data from the Perkeo II experiment we set limits on the branching fraction and exclude a one percent contribution for 95 % of the allowed mass range for the dark matter particle. PACS numbers: 13.30.Ce, 12.15.Ji, 14.20.Dh Neutron decay, as the prototype for nuclear beta decay, and its lifetime are needed to calculate most semileptonic weak interaction processes and used as input to search for new physics beyond the standard model of particle physics [1][2][3][4]. Measurements of the neutron lifetime fall into two categories [5]: in the storage method neutrons are confined in a material or magnetic bottle and after a given time the surviving neutrons are counted. In the beta decay method, the specific activity of an amount of neutrons (a section of a neutron beam, a neutron pulse or stored neutrons) is measured by detecting one of the decay products, proton or electron. A review of neutron lifetime measurements can be found in [2]. The averaged results of both categories, 879.4(6) s and 888.0(2.0) s, deviate by 8.4 s from each other, corresponding to 4σ (all numbers from [6]).Although this lifetime discrepancy may be related to underestimated systematics in experiments, there is a basic difference between the two categories: the storage method measures the inclusive lifetime, independent of the decay or disappearance channel, whereas the beta decay method detects the partial lifetime into a particular decay branch. Historically, Green and Thompson have used this argument to derive an upper limit on the decay into a hydrogen atom which would be missed by the beta decay method [5]; however, the expected branching fraction of 4 × 10 −6 [7] is too small to explain the 8.4 s difference observed today. Greene and Geltenbort have speculated that the discrepancy might be caused by oscillations of neutrons into mirror neutrons [8]. Recently, Fornal and Grinstein [9] have proposed different decay channels involving a dark matter particle. These branches would have been missed by the most precise beta decay method experiments which have detected decay protons [10].Neutron stars have been used to severely constrain these branches [11][12][13] but some models evade these constraints [14]. Czarnecki et al. have derived a very general bound of < 0.27 % (95 % C.L.) on exotic decay branches of the neutron where they use their favored values of the neutron lifetime τ n from the storage method and the axial coupling g A from recent beta asymmetry measurements and assume that V ud from superallowed beta decays and CKM unitarity are negligibly affected by exotic new physics. This means that not more than 2.4 s (with 95 % C.L.) of the lifetime discrepancy might be explained by a dark decay. This con...

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Neutron Stars Exclude Light Dark Baryons

Cited by 106 publications

References 36 publications

A supersymmetric theory of baryogenesis and sterile sneutrino dark matter from B mesons

A supersymmetric theory of baryogenesis and sterile sneutrino dark matter from B mesons

Annihilation signatures of neutron dark decay models in neutron oscillation and proton decay searches

Constraints on the Dark Matter Interpretation n→χ+e+e− of the Neutron Decay Anomaly with the PERKEO II Experiment

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