Neutron Spectroscopy

Cross, W. G.; Ing, H.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-400402-3.50005-0

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 102 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is clear that one cannot cover all the methods that have been proposed, but it is hoped that many of the methods of interest are discussed here. There are a number of articles that give an overview of unfolding in the context of neutron spectrometry (Cross and Ing, 1987;Matzke, 1997;Matzke, 2003;Routti and Sandberg 1985;Sekimoto and Nobuhiro, 1982). Chapter 18 of Ref.…”

Section: Unfolding Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of spectral unfolding techniques and uncertainty estimation

Reginatto

2010

Radiation Measurements

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Unfolding Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of spectral unfolding techniques and uncertainty estimation

Reginatto

2010

Radiation Measurements

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neutron Beam Therapy

Maughan

2006

Encyclopedia of Medical Devices and Instrumentation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The neutron was discovered by James Chadwick in 1932; by 1938 Robert Stone, in collaboration with Ernest Lawrence, was using a cyclotron produced fast neutron beam to treat human tumors. These original clinical trials were unsuccessful because of the poor understanding of the radiobiology of neutrons. Later, radiobiological studies established tumor hypoxia and radiosensitivity variations at different phases of the cell cycle as rationales for fast neutron therapy. Clinical studies during the early 1970s demonstrated that neutron therapy was a potentially beneficial modality in the treatment of malignant disease and definitive controlled clinical trials followed. Increased interest in neutron therapy lead to the definition of minimum specifications for therapeutic fast neutron beam treatment facilities. These specifications included beam dose rate, penetration, collimation, and reliability. The parameters used to characterize fast neutron beams for therapeutic use include neutron yield (dose rate), the neutron energy spectrum, beam intensity profiles, and microdosimetric data. The most prolific neutron producing nuclear reactions occur when high‐energy proton or deuteron beams are incident on a solid beryllium target, or when the deuterium–deuterium or deuterium–tritium fusion reactions are employed. The relative merits of these different methods of neutron production are discussed in detail. There have been a total of 34 centers that have treated patients with fast neutron therapy of which 6 are currently operational. The state‐of‐the‐art facilities all use cyclotrons to accelerate protons or deuterons to energies >48 MeV; they use multileaf or multirod collimators to shape the beams to the tumor contour. The latest facility uses a compact deuteron superconducting cyclotron, which offers several advantages over conventional room temperature devices.

show abstract