Electrochemical cell for neutron reflectometry studies of the structure of ionic liquids at electrified interface Rev. Sci. Instrum. 81, 074101 (2010) Surface force confinement cell for neutron reflectometry studies of complex fluids under nanoconfinement Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79, 103908 (2008) Millisecond time resolution neutron reflection from a nematic liquid crystal Rev. Sci. Instrum. 75, 2955(2004 Adsorption from alkane+perfluoroalkane mixtures at fluorophobic and fluorophilic surfaces. I. Nature of the noncritical adsorption profiles J. Chem. Phys. 119, 11917 (2003) Local membrane ordering of sponge phases at a solid-solution interface J. Chem. Phys. 116, 8533 (2002) Additional information on J. Appl. Phys. Specular neutron reflectometry has become an established probe of the nanometer scale structure of materials in thin film and multilayered form. It has contributed especially to our understanding of soft condensed matter of interest in polymer science, organic chemistry, and biology and of magnetic hard condensed matter systems. In this paper we examine a number of key factors which have emerged that can limit the sensitivity of neutron reflection as such a probe. Among these is loss of phase information, and we discuss how knowledge about material surrounding a film of interest can be applied to help resolve the problem. In this context we also consider what role the quantum phenomenon of interaction-free measurement might play in enhancing the statistical efficiency for obtaining reflectivity or transmission data.