Neutron fluence and kerma spectra of a <i>p</i>(66)/Be(40) clinical source

Jones, D. T. L.; Symons, J.E.; Fulcher, Tim; Brooks, F.D.; Nchodu, M. R.; Allie, M. S.; Buffler, Andy; Oliver, M. J.

doi:10.1118/1.596922

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…This spectral shape has in the past generally been adopted as the standard for stopping targets without filtration [67]. The most recent measurements in a clinical beam [39] at E p = 66 MeV had the same general features but with a broad peak at neutron energies between about 20 and 30 MeV.…”

Section: The P + 9 Be Reactionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…There is little agreement between the various measurements made of the p + Be neutron fluence spectra for E p 45 MeV [39]. However, even at lower incident proton energies a relatively intense low-energy component is usually observed if the detector thresholds are low enough.…”

Section: Neutron Therapy Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…An exception has been the d(48.5) + Be(48.5) 1 superconducting isocentric cyclotron at the Harper Hospital, Detroit MI [53], the small size of which has permitted installation in a hospital. Measurements of p + Be broad neutron spectra in air for proton energies greater than 35 MeV have been made most often by the pulsed-beam time-of-flight (TOF) technique [18,39,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62], but recoil spectrometry [63,64] has also been used. A method that involved the iterative fitting of water-attenuation data has also been employed to derive a spectrum [65].…”

Section: The P + 9 Be Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A method that involved the iterative fitting of water-attenuation data has also been employed to derive a spectrum [65]. Only the most recent high-energy measurements [39,64,65] have actually been made in a clinical beam whereas all the other measurements have been made in nonclinical laboratory environments. The results of earlier TOF measurements made at the University of California, Davis [18,54,55] have been criticised [57,63,66] on the grounds that there were errors present in the version of the neutron detection efficiency code which was used.…”

Section: The P + 9 Be Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fast neutron and proton therapy sources

Jones¹

2001

Radiochimica Acta

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Neutrons from the reactions of protons or deuterons of energies between 35 and 70 MeV on beryllium are most suitable for therapy because of the high yield and good penetration. Lower energy sources are used for limited applications. Proton therapy is conducted mainly in two energy ranges, viz. 60-75 MeV (exclusively for the treatment of eye lesions) and ≥ 200 MeV for general applications. Characterisation of both neutron and proton therapy beams in terms of spectral fluence is important for accurate determination of dosimetry parameters, for interpreting biological effects, for intercomparison purposes and to perform accurate radiation transport calculations.

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Section: The P + 9 Be Reactionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Neutron Therapy Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: The P + 9 Be Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The P + 9 Be Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fast neutron and proton therapy sources

Jones¹

2001

Radiochimica Acta

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“…A manually-controlled moving floor permits full rotation of the gantry. Downstream of the target are, in order, a pair of steel flattening filters (for small and large fields respectively), three tungsten wedge filters and a 2.5 cm thick polyethylene hardening filter, which removes unwanted low energy neutrons from the beam [2]. Blocks of 12 cm thick tungsten can be inserted in the beam downstream of the collimator for shielding purposes.…”

Section: Neutron Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Status report of the NAC particle therapy programme

et al. 1999

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The 200 MeV cyclotron facility at the National Accelerator Centre has been operational since 1987. Between September 1988 and December 1997 a total of 973 patients (26,916 fields) had been treated on the 66 MeV p+Be isocentric neutron therapy system. Patients are currently being treated according to several protocols, including tumors of the head and neck, salivary gland and breast and soft tissue sarcomas, uterine sarcomas and paranasal sinuses. A multiblade post-collimator trimmer has recently being installed. This device provides improved neutron beam shaping capability. Between September 1993 and December 1997 a total of 243 patients (4008 fields) had been treated (mainly intracranial stereotactic irradiations) on the fixed horizontal 200 MeV proton therapy facility. The facility incorporates an innovative automatic patient positioning system. Two new fixed beam lines for proton therapy are presently being designed (horizontal and 30 degrees to the vertical) for an existing unused treatment vault. Spot scanning systems will be developed for both beam lines.

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Neutron therapy program at the national accelerator centre, South Africa: Preliminary results

Stannard

Vernimmen

Jones

et al. 1994

Radation Oncology Invest

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SUMMARY Neutron therapy with a p(66)Be isocentric beam started at the National Accelerator Centre WAC) in September 1988 and proton therapy with a 200 MeV horizontal beam started in September 1993. A total of 608 patients have been treated in the neutron therapy program and the preliminary results show: 1) no statistical differences in survival and disease-free probability between 6oCo, neutron therapy, and accelerated neutron therapy for head and neck cancer; 2) 1-and 2-year complete response rates of 63% and 51% and survival probabilities of 90% and 73%, respectively, for advanced salivary gland tumours; 3) complete response rates of 67% for macroscopic residual soft tissue sarcomas, 60% for irresectable tumours of less than 10 cm in diameter, and 0% for tumours of more than 10 c m in diameter; 4) local control rates of 64% and 76% for advanced breast carcinomas treated with 17 and 19 Gy, respectively; 5) complete response rate of 50% for macroscopic residual uterine sarcomas; and 6) complete response rates of 45% for advanced maxillary antral carcinomas, 33% for irresectable osteosarcomas, and 38% for chondrosarcomas. With the constant patient accrual and reliable operation of the therapy facilities the NAC could play a major role in defining the future of high-energy neutrons in radiation treatment. Radiat Oncol Invest 1995;2:245-255. 0 1995 Wdey-Liss, hc.

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Neutron fluence and kerma spectra of a p(66)/Be(40) clinical source

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Fast neutron and proton therapy sources

Fast neutron and proton therapy sources

Status report of the NAC particle therapy programme

Neutron therapy program at the national accelerator centre, South Africa: Preliminary results

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