Neutrino telescopes as QCD microscopes

Bertone, Valerio; Gauld, R.; Rojo, Juan

doi:10.1007/jhep01(2019)217

Cited by 107 publications

(187 citation statements)

References 175 publications

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“…The main issue driving these uncertainties is that the nucleon structure functions cannot be derived from first principles, which causes us to instead rely on empirical measurements. Perturbative QCD calculations of the high-energy neutrino cross section are in good agreement with each other when physical consistency requirements are imposed on the PDFs used [17,18,65,66], however they grow at a rate E 0.3 ν that will eventually violate the Froissart bound [67][68][69]. This unphysical growth is due to extrapolation of the PDFs to unmeasured phase space.…”

Section: Lepton Behavior At Extremely-high-energiessupporting

confidence: 53%

Observing EeV neutrinos through Earth: GZK and the anomalous ANITA events

Safa

Pizzuto

Argüelles

et al. 2020

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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Tau neutrinos are unique cosmic messengers, especially at extreme energies. When they undergo a charged-current interaction, the short lifetime of the produced tau gives rise to secondary tau neutrinos that carry a significant fraction of the primary neutrino energy. This effect, known as tau neutrino regeneration, has not been applied to its full potential in current generation neutrino experiments. In this work, we present an updated calculation of tau neutrino regeneration, and explore its implications for two scenarios: the recent anomalous ANITA events and the cosmogenic neutrino flux. For the former, we investigate the idea of localized emission and find that the maximum secondary neutrino flux allowed by IceCube measurements implies a primary flux that is incompatible with the ANITA observation, regardless of the assumed source energy spectrum. For the latter, we study the prospect of detecting the cosmogenic neutrino flux of regenerated PeV neutrinos with current and next generation neutrino detectors.

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Section: Lepton Behavior At Extremely-high-energiessupporting

confidence: 53%

Observing EeV neutrinos through Earth: GZK and the anomalous ANITA events

Safa

Pizzuto

Argüelles

et al. 2020

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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“…(3.9) introduces highly non-trivial information regarding the shape of the nPDFs within and beyond the experimental data region. Moreover, we have also verified that the constraint can also be applied down to much smaller values of x, such as x min = 10 −5 , by taking as a proton baseline one of the NNPDF3.0 sets which include LHCb charm production data [89][90][91], as will be demonstrated in Sect. 5.3.…”

Section: Minimization Strategymentioning

confidence: 61%

Nuclear parton distributions from lepton-nucleus scattering and the impact of an electron-ion collider

2019

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We present a first determination of the nuclear parton distribution functions (nPDF) based on the NNPDF methodology: nNNPDF1.0. This analysis is based on neutral-current deepinelastic structure function data and is performed up to NNLO in QCD calculations with heavy quark mass effects. For the first time in the NNPDF fits, the χ 2 minimization is achieved using stochastic gradient descent with reverse-mode automatic differentiation (backpropagation). We validate the robustness of the fitting methodology through closure tests, assess the perturbative stability of the resulting nPDFs, and compare them with other recent analyses. The nNNPDF1.0 distributions satisfy the boundary condition whereby the NNPDF3.1 proton PDF central values and uncertainties are reproduced at A = 1, which introduces important constraints particularly for low-A nuclei. We also investigate the information that would be provided by an Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), finding that EIC measurements would significantly constrain the nPDFs down to x 5 × 10 −4 . Our results represent the first-ever nPDF determination obtained using a Monte Carlo methodology consistent with that of state-of-the-art proton PDF fits, and provide the foundation for a subsequent global nPDF analyses including also proton-nucleus data.

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“…Before proceeding, it is important to stress that for neutrino energies 10 PeV, perturbative QCD provides a robust framework to calculate the neutrino-nucleon cross section [19][20][21][22][23][24]. It is only when the fractional momenta x carried by the constituents become vanishingly small that the structure functions develop a ln(1/x) di-vergent behavior, which in turn results in a violation of unitarity bounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing strong dynamics with cosmic neutrinos

2019

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IceCube has observed 80 astrophysical neutrino candidates in the energy range 0.02 E ν /PeV 2. Deep inelastic scattering of these neutrinos with nucleons on Antarctic ice sheet probe center-of-mass energies √ s ∼ 1 TeV. By comparing the rates for two classes of observable events, any departure from the benchmark (perturbative QCD) neutrino-nucleon cross section can be constrained. Using the projected sensitivity of South Pole next-generation neutrino telescope we show that this facility will provide a unique probe of strong interaction dynamics. In particular, we demonstrate that the high-energy high-statistics data sample to be recorded by IceCube-Gen2 in the very near future will deliver a direct measurement of the neutrino-nucleon cross section at √ s ∼ 1 TeV, with a precision comparable to perturbative QCD informed by HERA data. We also use IceCube data to extract the neutrino-nucleon cross section at √ s ∼ 1 TeV through a likelihood analysis, considering (for the first time) both the charged-current and neutral-current contributions as free parameters of the likelihood function.

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Neutrino telescopes as QCD microscopes

Cited by 107 publications

References 175 publications

Observing EeV neutrinos through Earth: GZK and the anomalous ANITA events

Observing EeV neutrinos through Earth: GZK and the anomalous ANITA events

Nuclear parton distributions from lepton-nucleus scattering and the impact of an electron-ion collider

Probing strong dynamics with cosmic neutrinos

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