Neutrino and cosmic-ray emission from multiple internal shocks in gamma-ray bursts

Bustamante, Mauricio; Baerwald, Philipp; Murase, Kohta; Winter, Walter

doi:10.1038/ncomms7783

Cited by 88 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Since the emission region of traditional GRB jets assume a wide variety of values (e.g. 10 11 cm r em 10 17 cm for the classic fireball model in [44]), the phenomenology of neutrinos from choked jets can be quite different. Additionally, the jet luminosity and central engine duration need to be consistently determined.…”

Section: B Hydrodynamical Constraints On Choked Jetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Predictions for high-energy neutrino emission from GRB jets of both high and low luminosity are still uncertain despite recent improvements in theoretical calculations [e.g., [38][39][40][41][42][43][44] (although guaranteed emission is expected in the GeV-TeV range for neutron-loaded outflows [e.g., [45][46][47][48]). Irrespective of their viability as VHE neutrino factories, the mechanisms for producing, and the physical processes associated with low-power GRBs are still largely unknown and remain intriguing open questions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Choked jets and low-luminosity gamma-ray bursts as hidden neutrino sources

2016

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We consider gamma-ray burst (GRB) jets that are choked by extended material as sources of high-energy cosmic neutrinos. We take into account the jet propagation physics both inside the progenitor star and the surrounding dense medium. Radiation constraints, which are relevant for high-energy neutrino production are considered as well. Efficient shock acceleration of cosmic rays is possible for sufficiently low-power jets and/or jets buried in a dense, extended wind or outer envelope. Such conditions also favor GRB jets to become stalled, and the necessary conditions for stalling are explicitly derived. Such choked jets may explain transrelativistic supernovae (SNe) and low-luminosity (LL) GRBs, giving a unified picture of GRBs and GRB-SNe. Focusing on this unified scenario for GRBs, we calculate the resulting neutrino spectra from choked jets including the relevant microphysical processes such as multipion production in pp and pγ interactions, as well as the energy losses of mesons and muons. We obtain diffuse neutrino spectra using the latest results for the luminosity function of LL GRBs. Although uncertainties are large, we confirm that LL GRBs can potentially give a significant contribution to the diffuse neutrino flux. Our results are consistent with the present IceCube data and do not violate the stacking limits on classical highluminosity GRBs. We find that high-energy neutrino production in choked jets is dominated by pγ interactions. These sources are dark in GeV-TeV gamma-rays, and do not contribute significantly to the Fermi diffuse gamma-ray background. Assuming stalled jets can launch a quasi-spherical shock in the dense medium, "precursor" TeV neutrinos emerging prior to the shock breakout gamma-ray emission can be used as smoking gun evidence for a choked jet model for LL GRBs. Our results strengthen the relevance of wide field-of-view sky monitors with better sensitivities in the 1−100 keV range.PACS numbers: 95.85. Ry, 97.60.Bw, 98.70.Rz

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Section: B Hydrodynamical Constraints On Choked Jetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choked jets and low-luminosity gamma-ray bursts as hidden neutrino sources

2016

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“…This suggests that the UHECR acceleration site should be significantly outside the usual photon emission site, in order to reduce the photopion production efficiency. Such a setup could provide a convincing solution for avoiding an overly luminous gamma-ray/neutrino emission compatible with the required large UHECR luminosity, unless the average bulk Lorentz factor of the GRB jets is 1000 [23], or the gamma-ray emission site is also located at a larger distance than usually assumed [17,25]. In some observational [26,27] and theoretical [e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assuming a cosmic ray luminosity much larger than the gamma-ray luminosity, the secondary neutrino flux has been calculated by many authors [e.g. [13][14][15][16][17]. However, the IceCube neutrino telescope has detected no significant high-energy neutrino emission associated with classical GRBs [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray production by turbulence in gamma-ray burst jets and cosmogenic neutrinos

Asano

Mészáros

2016

Phys. Rev. D

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We propose a novel model to produce ultra-high-energy cosmic-rays (UHECRs) in gamma-ray burst (GRB) jets. After the prompt gamma-ray emission, hydrodynamical turbulence is excited in the GRB jets at or before the afterglow phase. The mildly relativistic turbulence stochastically accelerates protons. The acceleration rate is much slower than the usual first-order shock acceleration rate, but in this case it can be energy-independent. The resultant UHECR spectrum is so hard that the bulk energy is concentrated in the highest energy range, resulting in a moderate requirement for the typical cosmic ray luminosity of ∼ 10 53.5 erg s −1 . In this model, the secondary gamma-ray and neutrino emissions initiated by photopion production are significantly suppressed. Although the UHECR spectrum at injection shows a curved feature, this does not conflict with the observed UHECR spectral shape. The cosmogenic neutrino spectrum in the 10 17 -10 18 eV range becomes distinctively hard in this model, which may be verified by future observations.

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“…Conversely, light curves with no broad pulse structure hint at likely efficient neutrino emitters. We also test the robustness of the assumptions going into the minimal neutrino flux estimate found in Bustamante et al (2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-messenger Light Curves from Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Internal Shock Model

Bustamante

Heinze

Murase

et al. 2017

ApJ

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Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are promising as sources of neutrinos and cosmic rays. In the internal shock scenario, blobs of plasma emitted from a central engine collide within a relativistic jet and form shocks, leading to particle acceleration and emission. Motivated by present experimental constraints and sensitivities, we improve the predictions of particle emission by investigating time-dependent effects from multiple shocks. We produce synthetic light curves with different variability timescales that stem from properties of the central engine. For individual GRBs, qualitative conclusions about model parameters, neutrino production efficiency, and delays in high-energy gamma-rays can be deduced from inspection of the gamma-ray light curves. GRBs with fast time variability without additional prominent pulse structure tend to be efficient neutrino emitters, whereas GRBs with fast variability modulated by a broad pulse structure can be inefficient neutrino emitters and produce delayed highenergy gamma-ray signals. Our results can be applied to quantitative tests of the GRB origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, and have the potential to impact current and future multi-messenger searches.

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Neutrino and cosmic-ray emission from multiple internal shocks in gamma-ray bursts

Cited by 88 publications

References 67 publications

Choked jets and low-luminosity gamma-ray bursts as hidden neutrino sources

Choked jets and low-luminosity gamma-ray bursts as hidden neutrino sources

Ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray production by turbulence in gamma-ray burst jets and cosmogenic neutrinos

Multi-messenger Light Curves from Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Internal Shock Model

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