Neutralizing antibody and clinical status of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected individuals

Alesi, Domenico Russo; Ajello, Francesca; Lupo, G.; Vitale, Francesco; M, Portera; Spadaro, F.; Romano, Nino

doi:10.1002/jmv.1890270103

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…However, this protection was strain specific and has not been seen after longer periods of delay before treatment (950a) (see Section XXX E). Whether levels of neutralizing activity correlate directly with the clinical state is still controversial (15,996,1068,1229,1270). Patients, including those with AIDS, can have substantial titers of neutralizing antibodies as measured with laboratory strains (996).…”

Section: A Neutralizing Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Levy¹

1989

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

222

290

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Section: A Neutralizing Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Levy¹

1989

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

222

290

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“…Since T-cell syncytia corresponded to infection of a single cell, the fraction of virus neutralized was directly related to a reduction in the number of syncytia [208,209]. Further development and simplification of these assays utilized quantification of cell viability such as by monitoring the incorporation and conversion of vital dyes [214][215][216], measurement of reverse transcriptase activity [217], inhibition of immunofluorescence [218], and inhibition of cytopathic effects [219]. Although these assays were shown to be quantitative and reproducible, they were limited to X4-tropic, syncytium-forming viruses since T cell lines expressed CXCR4 but negligible CCR5 [21,132].…”

Section: Assessing Virus Neutralizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-1: The Confounding Variables of Virus Neutralization

Nara¹,

Lin²

2005

CDTID

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The development of an effective vaccine against HIV-1 would be greatly facilitated by the ability to elicit potent, high affinity antibodies that are capable of broad neutralization, viral inactivation and protection against infection and/or disease. New insights into the structure and function of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) that mediates viral fusion and entry may ultimately lead to strategies successful in eliciting these protective antibody responses. Insights have been gained regarding HIV-1 Env attachment and receptor engagement, the fusion process and kinetics, and the structural/functional attributes of Env that allow humoral immune evasion. In addition, studies of a limited number of broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies have shed some light as to how antibodies may penetrate the immune evading armor that HIV-1 has evolved. As the elusive goal of generating these types of antibodies emerge and are developed in the context of generating new candidate HIV-1 vaccines, a relevant in vitro measurement of neutralization by these types of antibodies becomes a complex task. This is in part due to a list of confounding variables which include: the physical and genomic nature (amino acid variation) of the infecting virion, the type of target cells, the concentration and clonality of the reactants, assay format and design, the affinity and kinetics of the reaction, receptors/coreceptors and attachment factors, and soluble host factors. This review will focus on the past, current, and future knowledge required to advance the field of HIV-1 humoral immunity as it impacts future HIV-1 vaccine development.

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Use of intravenous immunoglobulin in acquired immune deficiency syndrome

Yap

Todd

Williams

et al. 1991

Cancer

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Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may have an antibody deficiency and a deficiency of cellular immunity. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) preparations may benefit HIV‐infected children and adults with recurrent bacterial infections at doses of 200 to 400 mg/kg every 2 to 4 weeks. In addition, IVIG (1 to 2 g/kg) is effective at raising platelet counts to hemostatic levels in HIV‐infected patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and life‐threatening bleeding. Indirect evidence also suggests that IVIG may be effective in preventing Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Finally, recent studies suggest that specific anti‐HIV antibody preparations may have a therapeutic role, either as immunoglobulin concentrates or as immunoadhesins and immunotoxins. However, further investigations are needed to exclude antibody enhancement of HIV infection by the Fc receptor or the complement receptor.

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Neutralizing antibody and clinical status of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected individuals

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Pathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Pathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

HIV-1: The Confounding Variables of Virus Neutralization

Use of intravenous immunoglobulin in acquired immune deficiency syndrome

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