Neutral reactions involving oxygen and nitrogen

Schiff, H. I.

doi:10.1139/v69-309

Cited by 66 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…1 illustrates the papers that provide values of these components for both the Rx [25,40,44,[47][48][49][50] and R2 [19,32,51] expressions. The literature dictates that one specific value for these terms (k, m, E) does not match all of the experimental data.…”

Section: Ozone Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone-Assisted Combustion—Part I: Literature Review and Kinetic Study Using Detailed n-Heptane Kinetic Mechanism

Depcik

Mangus

Ragone

2014

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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In this first paper, the authors undertake a review of the literature in the field of ozone-assisted combustion in order to summarize literature findings. The use of a detailed n-heptane combustion model including ozone kinetics helps analyze these earlier results and leads into experimentation within the authors' laboratory using a single-cylinder, direct-injection compression ignition engine, briefly discussed here and in more depth in a following paper. The literature and kinetic modeling outcomes indicate that the addition of ozone leads to a decrease in ignition delay, both in comparison to no added ozone and with a decreasing equivalence ratio. This ignition delay decrease as the mixture leans is counter to the traditional increase in ignition delay with decreasing equivalence ratio. Moreover, the inclusion of ozone results in slightly higher temperatures in the cylinder due to ozone decomposition, augmented production of nitrogen oxides, and reduction in particulate matter through radial atomic oxygen chemistry. Of additional importance, acetylene levels decrease but carbon monoxide emissions are found to both increase and decrease as a function of equivalence ratio. This work illustrates that, beyond a certain level of assistance (approximately 20 ppm for the compression ratio of the authors' engine), adding more ozone has a negligible influence on combustion and emissions. This occurs because the introduction of O3 into the intake causes a temperature-limited equilibrium set of reactions via the atomic oxygen radical produced.

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Section: Ozone Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone-Assisted Combustion—Part I: Literature Review and Kinetic Study Using Detailed n-Heptane Kinetic Mechanism

Depcik

Mangus

Ragone

2014

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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“…These catalysts form predominantly from the dissociation of methane, the photodissociation of water vapour, mainly above 60 km, and the destruction of molecular hydrogen. Monitoring of the ozone layer (Gribben, 1989) had revealed that the amount of stratospheric ozone predicted by the Chapman equations (Schiff, 1969) was far larger than that observed (Hunt, 1966). These additional cycles were still too slow to account for the observed concentrations of ozone (Crutzen, 1970), meaning that further cycles required identification.…”

Section: L Stratospheric Ozone Climatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratospheric ozone depletion - an overview of the scientific debate

Drake

1995

Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment

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For almost half a century it was widely believed that the photochemistry of the stratosphere and hence ozone distribution were well understoood. As observations revealed a gap between observed and predicted values it was recognized that a number of substances acted as catalysts thereby increasing the destruction of ozone and that humanity could augment those catalysts and affect the ozone layer.Initial concern focused on nitrogen oxides from the exhausts of supersonic transport, but attention switched in the mid-1970s to chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Although the theory of anthropogenic ozone depletion by CFCs found widespread scientific support the perceived threat was minimized in particular by successive model predictions downgrading the amount of depletion. The appearance of the ozone hole over Antarctica in the mid-1980s reopened the debate as to whether such depletion was anthropogenic or natural in origin. It also highlighted the model's inadequate treatment of the processes occurring in the stratosphere and the importance of dynamics and radiative transfer in stratospheric ozone destruction. Scientific consensus again favours the anthropogenic depletion of the ozone layer. In conclusion it is considered that the degree of consensus outweighs the image of scientific uncertainty that is often portrayed in relation to the issue of stratospheric ozone depletion.

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“…The homogeneous reaction k D (D) O + ~Z + M -~~+ M followed by the fast reaction (E) k , 0 + 0 ~~2 0 ~ might remove the atomic oxygen with similar, but not greater, speed to that of reaction (C) if almost all the oxygen present is in the molecular form, but the exact rate is uncertain (Schiff 1969).…”

Section: Hydrogen-free Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalysis in sealed CO2 lasers

Smith¹,

Browne²

1974

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The degree of dissociation of CO2 in a sealed CO2-N2-He laser is limited by catalysis of reactions re-forming CO2, either by a platinum cathode or with outgassed hydrogen. The degree of dissociation measured in a laser is in quantitative agreement with that calculated for the reactions occurring in the discharge plasma if 5% of the hydrogen is in the atomic form. The hydrogen partial pressure is controllable by a palladium diffusion tube.

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Neutral reactions involving oxygen and nitrogen

Cited by 66 publications

References 36 publications

Ozone-Assisted Combustion—Part I: Literature Review and Kinetic Study Using Detailed n-Heptane Kinetic Mechanism

Ozone-Assisted Combustion—Part I: Literature Review and Kinetic Study Using Detailed n-Heptane Kinetic Mechanism

Stratospheric ozone depletion - an overview of the scientific debate

Catalysis in sealed CO2 lasers

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