Neurturin regulates the lung-resident macrophage inflammatory response to viral infection

Connolly, Emma; Morgan, D. O.; Franklin, Miriam; Simpson, Angela; Brand, Stephan; Jagger, Christopher; Casulli, Joshua; Mohamed, K.A.; Grabiec, Aleksander M; Hussell, Tracy

doi:10.26508/lsa.202000780

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…Although immunohistological analyses of lung tissue were not performed in the present study, NRTN detected in induced sputum appears to have been derived from airway epithelial cells, based on past reports. 23 , 24 Our results support the presence of NRTN in the airway, and suggest that it may be present at higher levels than previously measured in serum.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…These pathways stimulate the production of MMP-2, which dampens the pro-inflammatory cytokine response. 24 It was also reported that MMP-2 has beneficial effects in a mouse model of asthma, where this MMP facilitates the resolution of allergic inflammation by allowing cells to egress to the lung. 28 We investigated whether the increased production of MMP-2 induced by NRTN in the airway was evident in the pathogenesis of asthma, but no clear relationship was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Sputum Neurturin Levels in Adult Asthmatic Subjects

Sato,

Suzuki,

Kikuchi

et al. 2023

JAA

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Background Neurturin (NRTN) is a neurotrophic factor that was originally identified in the development and maintenance of neural cells. Recent studies involving NRTN knockout mice have reported its anti-inflammatory effects in allergic airway conditions. However, the role of NRTN in human asthma has not yet been identified. Objective The purposes of the present study were to confirm the presence of NRTN in the airways and to investigate the clinical and pathogenetic roles of NRTN in asthma. Methods The NRTN levels in the induced sputum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Relationships between NRTN and clinical characteristics, asthma control status, and airway inflammation were assessed. Results Sixty-four asthmatic subjects were enrolled in the study. All asthmatic subjects had detectable sputum NRTN levels, with a mean (SD) level of 2.03 (1.29) ng/mL. The sputum NRTN levels had significant positive correlations with sputum eosinophil and exhaled nitric oxide levels and were significantly higher in the atopic subjects than in the non-atopic subjects. No significant difference in sputum NRTN levels were observed for asthma control status and asthma exacerbation. In sputum inflammatory analyses, sputum NRTN level was positively correlated with interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-13 levels, and negatively correlated with matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 level. Conclusion It is plausible that sputum NRTN could serve as a new marker for Type 2 airway inflammation, implicating its role in the process of airway remodeling in asthma. Future studies should investigate the clinical relevance of sputum NRTN level in prospective analyses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sputum Neurturin Levels in Adult Asthmatic Subjects

Sato,

Suzuki,

Kikuchi

et al. 2023

JAA

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“…As with bacterial infections, AMs play a critical role in host defense. In response to the detection of PAMPs by TLRs, AMs release cytokines including interferons, IL-6, and IL-12 ( 233 ). The importance of AMs in combatting influenza has been shown through depletion experiments resulting in uncontrolled viral infection ( 234 , 235 ).…”

Section: Lung Resident Macrophages In Homeostasis and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resident macrophages of the lung and liver: The guardians of our tissues

et al. 2022

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Resident macrophages play a unique role in the maintenance of tissue function. As phagocytes, they are an essential first line defenders against pathogens and much of the initial characterization of these cells was focused on their interaction with viral and bacterial pathogens. However, these cells are increasingly recognized as contributing to more than just host defense. Through cytokine production, receptor engagement and gap junction communication resident macrophages tune tissue inflammatory tone, influence adaptive immune cell phenotype and regulate tissue structure and function. This review highlights resident macrophages in the liver and lung as they hold unique roles in the maintenance of the interface between the circulatory system and the external environment. As such, we detail the developmental origin of these cells, their contribution to host defense and the array of tools these cells use to regulate tissue homeostasis.

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Neurturin regulates the lung-resident macrophage inflammatory response to viral infection

Cited by 2 publications

References 63 publications

Sputum Neurturin Levels in Adult Asthmatic Subjects

Sputum Neurturin Levels in Adult Asthmatic Subjects

Resident macrophages of the lung and liver: The guardians of our tissues

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