Neurotransmitter Research in Autism

Autism: Psychobiological Perspectives

“…It is difficult to evaluate the work in this area because there are many contradictory findings, inconsistencies and unanswered questions in the research. In fact, Yuwiler and Freedman (1987) report that the literature in this area is a "hodgepodge of disparate findings on disparate populations" (p. 277). Nevertheless, significant work has been done in this area, particularly in relation to three neurotransmitters-dopamine, serotonin and opioids.…”

“…Amphetamines, which are dopamine agonists, exacerbate stereotyped motor behavior. In contrast, neuroleptics, which are dopamine antagonists, have some therapeutic value in controlling autistic symptoms (Yuwiler & Freedman, 1987).…”

“…3. More appropriate behaviors occur when autistic children are treated with pharmacologic agents affecting the serotonergic system (Elliot & Ciaranello, 1987;Yuwiler & Freedman, 1987;Russo & Newsom, 1982).…”

“…Dr. Jokl commented on the many inconsistencies in the current research arising from differing rating systems, differing periods of observation and differing doses (personal communication, October 7, 1988). Although some researchers attest to the therapeutic effectiveness of fenfluramine in 25-30% of children with autism, others insist that there is no justification at present for its use in autism (Gualtieri et al, 1987;Panksepp & Sahley, 1987;Yuwiler & Freedman, 1987).…”