Neurotransmitter receptors and monoamine metabolites in the brains of patients with Alzheimer-type dementia and depression, and suicides

Serotonin Uptake Sites and Serotonin Receptors Are Altered in the Limbic System of Schizophrenics

“…In both previous studies using radio ligands to label5-HT uptake sites, it was found that pa tients with a diagnosis of depression (Demeter et al 1989) or who had committed suicide (Laruelle et al 1990) also had reductions in the number of sites that were similar in magnitude to the schizophrenic cases. This raises the possibility that the changes in the number of 5-HT uptake sites found in this study for the anterior cingulate cortex, frontal cortex, parietal cortex, and posterior cingulate cortex cannot be attributed to schizo phrenia per se, but would be common to many psy chiatric illnesses that have an affective component (Crow et al 1984;Gross-Isseroff et al 1989;Stanley et al 1982;Zubenko et al 1991 ). However, other groups have not found any changes in pH]imiprarnine (Gross Isseroff et al 1989), [3H]desmethylimipramine (Gross Isseroff et al 1988), or [3H]paroxetine (Lawrence et al 1990) binding in suicide cases for brain regions that we determined were altered in the schizophrenia group (striatum, frontal, cortex, or cingulate cortex).…”

“…However, these findings were not supported by the earlier findings of Joseph and associates (1979) and Winblad and associates (1979), who determined that the most affected region was the hippocampus. Some of the variability in the results of these studies may be related to the fact that a significant number of schizophrenics attempt suicide (Roy 1984) and reduced concentrations of forebrain 5-HT content and numbers of the high-affinity 5-HT transport (up take) sites have been reported in the brains of suicide victims (Crow et al 1984;Gross-Isseroff et al 1989;Stan ley et al 1982).…”

“…The density of 5-HT2 receptors, la beled with [3H]lysergic acid diethylamide ([3H]LSD) or [3H]ketanserin, has been shown to be reduced (Ben nett et al 1979;Mita et al 1986), unchanged, or in creased (Whitaker et al 1981;Reynolds et al 1983) in the frontal cortex of schizophrenic cases. Again, vari ability in results may be caused by the inclusion of in dividuals whose death occurred by suicide, as there have been reports of increased densities of 5-HT recep tors (Stanley and Mann 1983;Mann et al 1986;Arango et al 1990;Arora and Meltzer 1989a) and decreased den sities (Crow et al 1984;Gross-Isseroff et al 1990) for suicide cases. Recently, Hashimoto and associates (1991) reported an increase in 5-HT1A receptors in the frontal and temporal cortex of schizophrenic cases.…”

Decreased Hippocampal 5-HT2A Receptor Binding in Older Depressed Patients Using [18F]Altanserin Positron Emission Tomography

“…In neuropathological studies, two reported no significant differences in hippocampal 5HT 2A receptors (Crow et al, 1984;Lowther et al, 1994). Rosel et al (1998Rosel et al ( , 2000, however, found a 40% decrease in hippocampal 5-HT 2A -binding sites in antidepressant-free suicide victims.…”

Serotonin Transporter: A Potential Substrate in the Biology of Suicide

“…The frontal cortex has been the most widely studied brain region, while numerous other brain regions have received less attention. Within the frontal cortex, researchers have found decreases (Stanley et al, 1982;Crow et al, 1984;Arato et al, 1991;Laruelle et al, 1993;Arango et al, 1995;Mann et al, 2000), increases (Meyerson et al, 1982), and no alterations in the SERT binding of suicides Meltzer, 1989, 1991;GrossIsseroff et al, 1989;Lawrence et al, 1990aLawrence et al, , b, 1997Lawrence et al, , 1998Hrdina et al, 1993;Little et al, 1997;Rosel et al, 1997Rosel et al, , 1998Du et al, 1999;Bligh-Glover et al, 2000). Studies in which SERT binding was measured in various other brain regions of suicide victims have produced similar discordant results (Paul et al, 1984;Owen et al, 1986;Gross-Isseroff et al, 1989;Hrdina et al, 1993;Laruelle et al, 1993;Dean et al, 1996;Mann et al, 1996;Lawrence et al, 1997;Little et al, 1997;Rosel et al, 1997Rosel et al, , 1998.…”