Neurotoxins Acting at Synaptic Sites: A Brief Review on Mechanisms and Clinical Applications

Zhou, Kunming; Luo, Wei-Feng; Liu, Tong; Ni, Yicheng; Qin, Zheng‐Hong

doi:10.3390/toxins15010018

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 305 publications

(338 reference statements)

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“…From preclinical data, oxidative stress and activation of Schwann cell TRPA1 may serve as new targets for TRPA1 antagonists to relieve chronic pain in models of pain disorders. Studies shown that botulinum toxins (BoNTs) as a kind of neurotoxins had the ability to suppress the increase of neuropeptides (170). BoNTs acted as an analgesic by reducing TRPV1 expression (171).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The transient receptor potential channels in rheumatoid arthritis: Need to pay more attention

Niu

Zhang²,

Chen³

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by the augment of vascular permeability, increased inflammatory cells infiltration, dysregulated immune cells activation, pannus formation and unbearable pain hyperalgesia. Ca2+ affect almost every aspect of cellular functions, involving cell migration, signal transduction, proliferation, and apoptosis. Transient receptor potential channels (TRPs) as a type of non-selective permeable cation channels, can regulate Ca2+ entry and intracellular Ca2+ signal in cells including immune cells and neurons. Researches have demonstrated that TRPs in the mechanisms of inflammatory diseases have achieved rapid progress, while the roles of TRPs in RA pathogenesis and pain hyperalgesia are still not well understood. To solve this problem, this review presents the evidence of TRPs on vascular endothelial cells in joint swelling, neutrophils activation and their trans-endothelial migration, as well as their bridging role in the reactive oxygen species/TRPs/Ca2+/peptidyl arginine deiminases networks in accelerating citrullinated proteins formation. It also points out the distinct functions of TRPs subfamilies expressed in the nervous systems of joints in cold hyperalgesia and neuro-inflammation mutually influenced inflammatory pain in RA. Thus, more attention could be paid on the impact of TRPs in RA and TRPs are useful in researches on the molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammation and analgesic therapeutic strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The transient receptor potential channels in rheumatoid arthritis: Need to pay more attention

Niu

Zhang²,

Chen³

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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“…BoNT acts by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine from the presynaptic nerve terminal, and thus interfering with fusion of the synaptic vesicle with the presynaptic plasma membrane [31,32]. This mechanism is known to relax the muscle; however, recent studies have provided evidence that BoNT may also be effective in the treatment of neuropathic pain [32][33][34]. The clinical rationale for the use of BoNT in our patients was to lessen the intensity of the movements, and thus reduce the risk of further injury from repetitive behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botulinum Neurotoxin Injections in Children with Self-Injurious Behaviors

Hull

Parnes

Jankovic

2023

Toxins

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Self-injurious behaviors are repetitive, persistent actions directed toward one’s body that threaten or cause physical harm. These behaviors are seen within a broad spectrum of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric conditions, often associated with intellectual disability. Injuries can be severe and distressing to patients and caregivers. Furthermore, injuries can be life-threatening. Often, these behaviors are challenging to treat and require a tiered, multimodal approach which may include mechanical/physical restraints, behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy, or in some cases, surgical management, such as tooth extraction or deep brain stimulation. Here, we describe a series of 17 children who presented to our institution with self-injurious behaviors in whom botulinum neurotoxin injections were found helpful in preventing or lessening self-injury.

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“…), α-bungarotoxin in kraits (Bungarus spp. ), 3FTxs α-neurotoxin in both black mamba (Dendroaspis polylepis) and green mamba (D. angusticeps) and acanthophin-D found in common death adder (Acanthophis antarcticus) [140][141][142]. Presynaptic neurotoxins bind to nerve terminals and block the release of acetylcholine.…”

Section: Neurologic Involvement: Respiratory Muscle Paralysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary involvement from animal toxins: the cellular mechanisms

Thumtecho,

Suteparuk,

Sitprija

2023

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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Venomous animals and their venom have always been of human interest because, despite species differences, coevolution has made them capable of targeting key physiological components of our bodies. Respiratory failure from lung injury is one of the serious consequences of envenomation, and the underlying mechanisms are rarely discussed. This review aims to demonstrate how toxins affect the pulmonary system through various biological pathways. Herein, we propose the common underlying cellular mechanisms of toxin-induced lung injury: interference with normal cell function and integrity, disruption of normal vascular function, and provocation of excessive inflammation. Viperid snakebites are the leading cause of envenomation-induced lung injury, followed by other terrestrial venomous animals such as scorpions, spiders, and centipedes. Marine species, particularly jellyfish, can also inflict such injury. Common pulmonary manifestations include pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage, and exudative infiltration. Severe envenomation can result in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Pulmonary involvement suggests severe envenomation, thus recognizing these mechanisms and manifestations can aid physicians in providing appropriate treatment.

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Neurotoxins Acting at Synaptic Sites: A Brief Review on Mechanisms and Clinical Applications

Cited by 11 publications

References 305 publications

The transient receptor potential channels in rheumatoid arthritis: Need to pay more attention

The transient receptor potential channels in rheumatoid arthritis: Need to pay more attention

Botulinum Neurotoxin Injections in Children with Self-Injurious Behaviors

Pulmonary involvement from animal toxins: the cellular mechanisms

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