Neurotoxicological evaluation of microcystin-LR exposure at environmental relevant concentrations on nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Ju, Jingjuan; Ruan, Qiurong; Li, Xiaobo; Liu, Ran; Li, Yunhui; Pu, Yuepu; Yin, Lihong; Wang, Dayong

doi:10.1007/s11356-012-1151-2

Cited by 55 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Obvious histological and ultrastructural injuries and serious oxidative damages were also observed in hippocampus treated with MC-LR (10 μg/L for 1 μL) (Li et al 2014a), such as the shrinking pyramidal cellular nuclear, cellular edema and the decreased density of neurons. Also, neuronal loss and morphologic changes increased in a dose-dependent manner in the GABAergic nervous system of nematodes after MC-LR exposure (Ju et al 2013). Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of apoptosisrelated proteins like tau and Bad, levels changes of both cells, and compounds and inflammation induction have been reported after MCs exposure, which will in turn lead to a series of function and behavior changes in animals.…”

Section: Neurotoxic Effects Of Mcs Neurostructural Changesmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…By regulating the nervous system to receive process and integrate and interpret sensory signals, MC-LR can affect the chemotaxis and thermotaxis behaviors indirectly. After being exposed to 0.1 μg/L MC-LR for 24 h, the body bend frequency and head thrash frequency of nematodes were significantly lower (Ju et al 2013). Neurotoxicity effects can also be found in mammals.…”

Section: Neurobehavioral Changesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The neurotoxic effects of MC-LR exposure on neurotransmitter systems were investigated in Caenorhabditis elegans, and GABAergic, cholinergic, serotonergic, dopaminergic, and glutamatergic neurons were examined after L1 larvae was exposed to 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg/L MC-LR for 8 and 24 h (Ju et al 2013). The loss of GABAergic neurons increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner while no obvious neuronal losses or morphologic changes were observed in other four neurotransmitters in C. elegans.…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms Of Neurotoxicity Neurotransmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of neurotoxicity of microcystins

Chen

Fan

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Cyanobacterial blooms-produced microcystins are secondary metabolites which can accumulate in the food chain and contaminate water, thus posing a potential threat to the health of aquatic animals and even humans. Microcystin toxicity affects not only the liver but also the other organs, i.e., the brain. The serious neurotoxicity effects caused by microcystins then lead to various symptoms. This review focuses on the neurotoxicity of microcystins. Microcystins can cross bloodbrain barrier with the transport of Oatps/OATPs, causing neurostructural, functional, and behavioral changes. In this review, potential uptake mechanisms and neurotoxicity mechanisms are summarized, including neurotransmissions, neurochannels, signal transduction, oxidative stress, and cytoskeleton disruption. However, further researches are needed for detailed studies on signaling pathways and the downstream pathways of neurotoxicity of microcystins.

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Section: Neurotoxic Effects Of Mcs Neurostructural Changesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Neurobehavioral Changesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Potential Mechanisms Of Neurotoxicity Neurotransmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of neurotoxicity of microcystins

Chen

Fan

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…However, its potential neurotoxicity also has been investigated. The entrance of MC‐LR through the brain‐blood barrier is mediated by organic anion–transporting polypeptides expressed in the brain and impair the behavior of rats and Caenorhabditis elegans .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal repeated oral exposure to microcystin‐LR affects neurobehaviors in developing rats

Zhang²,

Ju³

et al. 2014

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Microcystins are toxic peptides secreted by certain water blooms of toxic cyanobacteria. The most widely studied microcystin is microcystin-LR (MC-LR), which exhibits hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity. However, limited information is available regarding the effects on offspring following maternal exposure. The present study was conducted to observe the effects of progestational exposure to MC-LR on postnatal development in rats. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (28 d old) were randomly divided into a control group and 3 treatment groups (1.0 µg MC-LR/kg body wt, 5.0 µg MC-LR/kg body wt, and 20.0 µg MC-LR/kg body wt), with 7 rats per group. The MC-LR was administered through gavage once every 48 h for 8 wk. Pure water was used as control. Each female rat was mated with an unexposed adult male rat. Motor development, behavioral development, and learning ability of pups were detected using surface righting reflex, negative geotaxis, and cliff avoidance tests on postnatal day 7. Open-field and Morris water maze tests were performed on postnatal day 28 and day 60. The levels of lipid peroxidation products and antioxidant indices in the rat hippocampus were also detected. Pups from the MC-LR-treated groups had significantly lower scores than controls in the cliff avoidance test (p < 0.05). Cognitive impairment, malondialdehyde level, and total superoxide dismutase activity significantly increased in MC-LR-exposed pups compared with controls (p < 0.05). Therefore, the present study reveals that maternal exposure to MC-LR has adverse effects on neurodevelopment in rat offspring.

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“…Worms were individually picked and placed in a drop of M9 and allowed to adapt for 1 minute and then the number of thrashes were quantified with stereomicroscope during a 60 second interval. A thrash was defined as a change in the direction of bending at the middle of body (29). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guarana (Paullinia cupana Mart.) attenuates methylmercury-induced toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans

et al. 2016

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The influence of routine guarana (Paullinia cupana) consumption on apparent tolerance to mercury intoxication has been proposed. The present study investigated this hypothesis in Caenorhabditis elegans, a suitable experimental model for studies in toxicology. Wild type (WT) and skn-1 (ok2315) worm strains were pretreated with guarana ethanolic extract (GEE) from larvae 1 (L1) to L4 stage and then exposed for 6 hours to methylmercury (MeHg). The analyses included evaluation of GEE’s effects on lethality, developmental delay, feeding, locomotion, gene expression (sod-3, gst-4, sir-2.1, hsf-1, snn-1, mtl-1, mtl-2, aat-1, aat-2 and aat-3) and antioxidant activity. GEE pre-treatment had no aberrant effects on WT worms exposed to MeHg, and protected skn-1 (ok2315) worms, which are more susceptible to environmental stresses. Protective effects of GEE might be dependent on modulation of genes other than those directly involved in antioxidant activity. GEE increased the expression of genes involved in metal transport (aat-2), metal detoxification (mtl-1 and mtl-2) and antioxidant responses (sir-2.1 and sod-3). Thus, routine consumption of guarana might be beneficial in protecting against MeHg-induced toxicity.

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Neurotoxicological evaluation of microcystin-LR exposure at environmental relevant concentrations on nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Cited by 55 publications

References 44 publications

A review of neurotoxicity of microcystins

A review of neurotoxicity of microcystins

Maternal repeated oral exposure to microcystin‐LR affects neurobehaviors in developing rats

Guarana (Paullinia cupana Mart.) attenuates methylmercury-induced toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans

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