Neurotoxicity of Organic Solvents

Rosenberg, Neil L.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-7506-9515-2.50010-8

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…It is evident that resolution of this controversial issue will come only through the conduct of well-designed and controlled clinical epidemiologic studies, especially considering the absence of an appropriate animal model (Bruckner and Warren 2001). Reviews conducted by experts in the field such as Rosenberg (1995) and Schaumburg and Spencer (2000) have concluded that the current literature does not support chronic, low-level solvent exposure as a cause of symptomatic CNS or peripheral nervous system (PNS) dysfunction. This does not preclude, however, the possibility that such exposure can be associated with subclinical cognitive dysfunction in the form of slight psychomotor and attentional deficits.…”

Section: Epidemiology Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Toxicology of Mineral Spirits

et al. 2008

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This review of the toxicology of mineral spirits covers studies of the major classes of mineral spirits and several toxicologically important mineral spirit constituents. This review cites data from numerous previously unpublished animal toxicology studies conducted on mineral spirits during the past 30 years, expanding the existing database on the toxicology of this group of hydrocarbon solvents. The data can be used to better evaluate the potential effects associated with exposure to these materials, including health and environmental reviews such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency High Production Volume (HPV) chemical program and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) HPV Screening Information Data Set (SIDS) program. The majority of animal toxicology studies in the available literature were conducted on mineral spirits categorized as ASTM D235 Type I Class A (149 degrees C to 213 degrees C boiling range; 8% to 22% aromatics) and demonstrate that Type I Class A mineral spirits have a low order of acute toxicity and do not produce significant systemic effects. Some additional studies conducted with ASTM D235 Type II Class C mineral spirits (177 degrees C to 213 degrees C boiling range; < 2% aromatics) suggest that Type II Class C mineral spirits have similar toxicity to Type I Class A mineral spirits, though there is some evidence that Type II, Class C mineral spirits have a lesser degree of central nervous system (CNS) effects than the higher aromatic containing Type I Class A materials. In addition, toxicity data on selected chemical constituents of mineral spirits (e.g., n-nonane, n-decane, n-undecane) indicate that these chemicals have similar toxicological properties to mineral spirits. Overall, the data showed that mineral spirits have a low order of acute toxicity and do not appear to produce toxicologically relevant systemic effects. Ongoing studies are evaluating the concerns associated with chronic low-level exposure and central nervous system effects.

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