Neurotoxic effect of leptophos

Abou‐Donia, Mohamed B.; Othman, Mohamed A.; Tantawy, G.; Khalil, A. Zaki; Shawer, Mohannad

doi:10.1007/bf01921600

Cited by 70 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…It is reasonable to suppose that the hydrocarbon radicals of the aliphatic and aromatic deriva tives interact with the same part of the active center surface. A very interesting correlation was obtained between the chemical struc ture and delayed neurotoxic potency of methyl phenylphosphonothioate esters (48,69,91,157,(172)(173)(174)(175)(176)(177). The unsubstituted phenyl ester did not cause delayed neurotoxicity at a single 500 mglkg oral dose.…”

Section: Aliphatic Phosphorus Estersmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Organophosphorus Ester-Induced Delayed Neurotoxicity

Abou‐Donia¹

1981

Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol.

395

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In certain animals, including humans, exposure to some organophosphorus esters causes delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN). The clinical condition becomes manifest after a delay period, first as ataxia, followed by paralysis. Lesions are characterized by degeneration of axons with subsequent secondary degeneration of myelin in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Recovery is only likely in mild cases, whereas more severe cases show symptoms of an upper motor neuron lesion in the lower limbs. The risk of use of these chemicals is related not only to human sensitivity to this syndrome, but also to the fact that in most disasters involving OPIDN, humans were the prime victims. Therefore, the neurotoxic action of a chemical is of great significance, since pesticides with this property are not recommended for use. Although OPIDN has been recognized for over a half a century, its mechanism of action is still unknown. It is believed, however, that the initial target in OPIDN is the phosphorylation of a neurotoxicity target protein in the nervous system. Study of the relationship between the chemical structure of organophosphorus esters and their neurotoxic potencies suggests that two hydrophobic areas may be present in the vicinity of the active site of the neurotoxicity protein. This article attempts to present an up-to-date overview of OPIDN. Despite the difficulties attributed to experimental variations of the reported studies, I feel that several significant points have come forth from the data.

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Section: Aliphatic Phosphorus Estersmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…, lambs (46), sheep (47), and water buffalo (48), are susceptible. Rats, mice (14), rabbits, guinea pigs (15), hamsters, and gerbils2 did not show consistent delayed response to TOCP, although the acute effects were severe.…”

Section: The Development Of An Experimental Model Of Delayed Neurotoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organophosphorus Ester-Induced Delayed Neurotoxicity

Abou‐Donia¹

1981

Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol.

395

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“…Recently, the phenylphosphonothioate insecticide leptophos has been implicated in the poisoning and paralysis of some workers in Texas (4). Leptophos produces delayed neurotoxicity in farm animals and chickens (5)(6)(7)(8)(9). A photodegradation product of this compound, desbromoleptophos (DBL), was reported to cause delayed neurotoxicity in chickens (10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These therapeutic effects are pre-sumably mediated in part through actions on the central nervous system (CNS) since high-affinity, stereospecific, and saturable binding sites for benzodiazepines have been identified through-out the CNS both in vitro (2,3) and in vivo (4). Several substances isolated from the CNS compete with tritiated benzodiazepines for CNS receptor sites (5). These endogenous substances have been identified as the purine hypoxanthine and its nucleoside inosine (6), both of which are synthesized de novo in neuronal tissue (7).…”

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confidence: 99%

Delayed Neurotoxicity of Phenylphosphonothioate Esters

Abou‐Donia

1979

Science

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Administration of a single oral dose of five phenylphosphonothioate esters produced delayed neurotoxicity in hens; their potency was, in descending order, cyanofenphos, EPN, desbromoleptophos, leptophos, and EPBP (Seven). Histological examination showed that in some hens there was marked axonal and myelin degeneration in the spinal cord and peripheral nerves. The results suggest that delayed neurotoxicity may be a general feature of phenylphosphonothioate insecticides.

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2‐(Diethoxyphosphinylimino)‐4‐Methyl‐1,3‐Dithiolane 950‐10‐7

2004

Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials

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Neurotoxic effect of leptophos

Cited by 70 publications

References 4 publications

Organophosphorus Ester-Induced Delayed Neurotoxicity

Organophosphorus Ester-Induced Delayed Neurotoxicity

Delayed Neurotoxicity of Phenylphosphonothioate Esters

2‐(Diethoxyphosphinylimino)‐4‐Methyl‐1,3‐Dithiolane 950‐10‐7

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