Neuroticism is a fundamental domain of personality with enormous public health implications

Widiger, Thomas A.; Oltmanns, Joshua R.

doi:10.1002/wps.20411

Cited by 353 publications

(283 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Existen pocos modelos empíricos o teóricos de la estructura general de la personalidad que no incluyan un dominio como N (Digman, 1990). A su vez, en el plano aplicado, la vinculación de N con distintos trastornos psicopatológicos y enfermedades físicas ofrece como ventaja la posibilidad de pensar estrategias transdiagnósticas de detección y prevención (Hajek, Bock, & König, 2017;Lahey, 2009;Vittengl, 2017;Widiger & Oltmanns, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Desde sus primeros estudios, Eysenck (1947) relacionó los niveles elevados de N con una predisposición a padecer lo que clásicamente se denominó trastornos neuróticos. En la actualidad el N es considerado como una dimensión de la personalidad normal prioritaria en virtud de su impacto en la salud pública (Vittengl, 2017;Widiger & Oltmanns, 2017). Su asociación con distintas psicopatologías ha llevado a concebirlo como un factor de vulnerabilidad común para el desarrollo y mantenimiento de diversos trastornos mentales (Jeronimus et al, 2016;Sauer-Zavala, Wilner, & Barlow, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…El N también es relevante por su vinculación con una gran variedad de enfermedades físicas, como cardiopatías, diabetes, asma o enfermedades inflamatorias intestinales (Lahey, 2009). Por esta demostrada contribución del N a tantas consecuencias negativas sobre la salud, en los últimos años se ha empezado a recomendar la detección de niveles altos de este rasgo en población general durante la asistencia clínica de rutina (Hengartner, Kawohl, Haker, Rössler, & Ajdacic-Gross, 2016;Tackett & Lahey, 2017;Widiger, 2009;Widiger & Oltmanns, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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“…*PG unpublished results, Hauser, Petzke and Sommer (2010), but see also discussion in Strawn and Geracioti (2007 between major personality dimensions and psychopathology (DeYoung & Krueger, 2018), and, in particular, high neuroticism is a common dimension for internalizing disorders (Griffith et al, 2010) and "in the general population, the personality trait neuroticism is significantly correlated with almost every psychiatric disorder and migraine" (Anttila et al, 2018, p. 1). As a result, neuroticism is coming to be seen as of immense importance to public health (Lahey, 2009;Widiger & Oltmanns, 2017). Our use of "neuroticism" as a surface label for the sensitivity of the key set of neural systems acted on by ketamine involves a degree of approximation.…”

Section: The Role Of Neuroticism -Hit 1 (Disorder-general)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ketamine and neuroticism: a double-hit hypothesis of internalizing disorders

McNaughton

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2020

Personality Neuroscience

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Psychiatric disorders can often be viewed as extremes of personality traits. The primary action of drugs that ameliorate these disorders may, thus, be to alter the patient's position on a relevant trait dimension. Here, we suggest that interactions between such trait dimensions may also be important for disorder. Internalizing disorders show important differences in terms of range of activity and speed of response of medications. Established antidepressant and anxiolytic medications are slow in onset and have differing effects across different internalizing disorders. In contrast, low-dose ketamine is rapidly effective and improves symptom ratings in all internalizing disorders. To account for this, we propose a "double hit" model for internalizing disorders: generation (and maintenance) require two distinct forms of neural dysfunction to coincide. One hit, sensitive to ketamine, is disorder-general: dysfunction of a neural system linked to high levels of the personality trait of neuroticism. The other hit is disorder-specific: dysfunction of one of a set of disorder-specific neural modules, each with its own particular pattern of sensitivity to conventional drugs. Our hypothesis applies only to internalizing disorders. So, we predict that ketamine will be effective in simple phobia and (perhaps partially) in anorexia nervosa, but would make no such prediction about other disorders where neuroticism might also be important secondarily (e.g. attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia).

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“…Neuroticism, a stable personality trait reflecting a tendency towards emotional instability and negative affect (e.g. depressed mood, worry, fear), has been consistently associated with a wide range of physical and mental health problems such as cardiovascular disease, disrupted immune functioning, asthma, irritable bowel syndrome, atopic eczema, migraine, mood and anxiety disorders, and even increased risk of premature mortality (7)(8)(9), potentially also affecting frailty. The association between neuroticism and frailty has been investigated in three previous studies, all suggesting that high neuroticism is associated with higher frailty concurrently and longitudinally, over up to eight years (10)(11)(12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroticism as a predictor of frailty in old age: a genetically informative approach

Daníelsdóttir¹,

Jylhävä²,

Hägg³

et al. 2019

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Objective: Neuroticism is associated with poor health outcomes, but its contribution to the accumulation of health deficits in old age, i.e. frailty, is largely unknown. We aimed to explore associations between neuroticism and frailty cross-sectionally and over up to 29 years, and to investigate the contribution of shared genetic influences.Method: Data were derived from the UK Biobank (UKB, n=502,631), the Australian Over 50's Study (AO50, n=3,011) and the Swedish Twin Registry (SALT n=23,744, SATSA n=1,637).Associations between neuroticism and the Frailty Index were investigated using regression analysis cross-sectionally in UKB, AO50 and SATSA, and longitudinally in SALT (25-29y follow-up) and SATSA (6 and 23y follow-up). The co-twin control method was applied to explore the contribution of underlying shared familial factors (SALT, SATSA, AO50). Genome-wide polygenic risk scores for neuroticism in all samples were used to further assess whether common genetic variants associated with neuroticism predict frailty. Results: High neuroticism was consistently associated with greater frailty cross-sectionally (adjusted β, 95% confidence intervals in UKB= 0.32, 0.32-0.33; AO50= 0.35, 0.31-0.39; SATSA= 0.33, 0.27-0.39) and longitudinally up to 29 years (SALT= 0.24; 0.22-0.25; SATSA 6y= 0.31, 0.24-0.38; SATSA 23y= 0.16, 0.07-0.25). When controlling for underlying shared genetic and environmental factors the neuroticism-frailty association remained significant, although decreased.Polygenic risk scores for neuroticism significantly predicted frailty in the two larger samples (metaanalyzed total β= 0.06, 0.05-0.06). Conclusion:High neuroticism is associated with the development and course of frailty. Both environmental and genetic influences, including neuroticism-associated genetic variants, contribute to this relationship.

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Neuroticism is a fundamental domain of personality with enormous public health implications

Cited by 353 publications

References 9 publications

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Ketamine and neuroticism: a double-hit hypothesis of internalizing disorders

Neuroticism as a predictor of frailty in old age: a genetically informative approach

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