Neurotechnology and Society: Strengthening Responsible Innovation in Brain Science

Garden, Hermann; Bowman, Diana M.; Haesler, Sebastian; Winickoff, David E.

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2016.10.053

Cited by 33 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The scope of neuro-advancements ranges from medical/therapeutic, military, education, human enhancement to recreational, including the use of mainstream neuro-assistive technologies by disabled people and mainstream society [10,11,[20][21][22][23][24]. Some products and enabled procedures are transcranial direct stimulation techniques, neurosurgery, deep brain stimulation, artificial hippocampus, artificial brain, prosthetic memory device, cognitive enhancement and nootropic drugs [22,[25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Scope Of Neuro-advancementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some products and enabled procedures are transcranial direct stimulation techniques, neurosurgery, deep brain stimulation, artificial hippocampus, artificial brain, prosthetic memory device, cognitive enhancement and nootropic drugs [22,[25][26][27][28]. As the innovation of neuro-advancements continues to grow, it has begun to converge outside the clinical and research settings, blurring the line between therapeutic and non-therapeutic use [10,11,29,30]. With the rise of "dual use" technologies of " .…”

Section: Scope Of Neuro-advancementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Health professionals in general are stakeholders of neuro-advancement discourses, as they interact with both therapeutic and non-therapeutic neuro-advancements within their occupation and daily lives [10,11]. Nursing acknowledges this interaction by having generated the specialty of neuroscience nursing [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuro-Advancements and the Role of Nurses as Stated in Academic Literature and Canadian Newspapers

Deloria

Wolbring

2019

Societies

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Neurosciences and neurotechnologies (from now on called neuro-advancements) constantly evolve and influence all facets of society. Neuroethics and neuro-governance discourses focus on the impact of neuro-advancements on individuals and society, and stakeholder involvement is identified as an important aspect of being able to deal with such an impact. Nurses engage with neuro-advancements within their occupation, including neuro-linked assistive technologies, such as brain-computer interfaces, cochlear implants, and virtual reality. The role of nurses is multifaceted and includes being providers of clinical and other health services, educators, advocates for their field and their clients, including disabled people, researchers, and influencers of policy discourses. Nurses have a stake in how neuro-advancements are governed, therefore, being influencers of neuroethics and neuro-governance discourses should be one of these roles. Lifelong learning and professional development could be one mechanism to increase the knowledge of nurses about ethical, social, and legal issues linked to neuro-advancements, which in turn, would allow nurses to provide meaningful input towards neuro-advancement discussions. Disabled people are often the recipients of neuro-advancements and are clients of nurses, therefore, they have a stake in the way nurses interact with neuro-advancements and influence the sociotechnical context of neuro-advancements, which include neuro-linked assistive devices. We performed a scoping review to investigate the role of narrative around nurses in relation to neuro-advancements within academic literature and newspapers. We found minimal engagement with the role of nurses outside of clinical services. No article raised the issue of nurses having to be involved in neuro-ethics and neuro-governance discussions or how lifelong learning could be used to gain that competency. Few articles used the term assistive technology or assistive device and no article covered the engagement of nurses with disabled people within a socio-technical context. We submit that the role narrative falls short of what is expected from nurses and shows shortcomings at the intersection of nurses, socio-technical approaches to neuro-assistive technologies and other neuro-advancements and people with disabilities. Neuro-governance and neuroethic discourses could be a useful way for nurses and disabled people to co-shape the socio-technical context of neuro-advancements, including neuro-assistive technologies. Lifelong learning initiatives should be put in place to provide the knowledge necessary for nurses to take part in the neuroethics and neuro-governance discussion.

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Section: Scope Of Neuro-advancementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scope Of Neuro-advancementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuro-Advancements and the Role of Nurses as Stated in Academic Literature and Canadian Newspapers

Deloria

Wolbring

2019

Societies

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“…In general, patients demand a major involvement in the developing process of the technology programmed for their own use and rehabilitation, and also a major attention to the specific needs of their particular disease, given that different classes of patients have different requirements (Sullivan et al, 2017). It is all too common for a preclinical researcher never to have met a person with the disease they are working on, with the consequence that patients’ hopes and aspirations or the burden of the illness are not appreciated (Garden et al, 2016).…”

Section: Ethical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Neuroengineering for brain repair: New challenges and open issues

Panuccio

Semprini

Natale

et al. 2018

Brain and Neuroscience Advances

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In recent years, biomedical devices have proven to be able to target also different neurological disorders. Given the rapid ageing of the population and the increase of invalidating diseases affecting the central nervous system, there is a growing demand for biomedical devices of immediate clinical use. However, to reach useful therapeutic results, these tools need a multidisciplinary approach and a continuous dialogue between neuroscience and engineering, a field that is named neuroengineering. This is because it is fundamental to understand how to read and perturb the neural code in order to produce a significant clinical outcome. In this review, we first highlight the importance of developing novel neurotechnological devices for brain repair and the major challenges expected in the next years. We describe the different types of brain repair strategies being developed in basic and clinical research and provide a brief overview of recent advances in artificial intelligence that have the potential to improve the devices themselves. We conclude by providing our perspective on their implementation to humans and the ethical issues that can arise. Neuroengineering approaches promise to be at the core of future developments for clinical applications in brain repair, where the boundary between biology and artificial intelligence will become increasingly less pronounced.

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“…On top of this, there is evidence of concern among publics regarding enhancing human capabilities. A 2016 Pew Center Survey (Funk, Kennedy and Podrebarac Sciupac, 2016 [108]) of 4726 people found that Americans expect continued scientific and technological innovation, broadly speaking, to bring helpful change to society. Regarding the use of emerging technologies for brain enhancement, 68% of Americans were not supportive, with only 32% supportive.…”

Section: Enhancementmentioning

confidence: 99%