Neurosyphilis in Psychiatric Settings: Three Case Reports

Akıncı, Erhan; Öncü, Fatih; Topçular, Barış

doi:10.5080/u13444

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Humans are the only known natural hosts of this organism. Systemically, it can cause chronic inflammation of the central nervous system resulting in headache, stiffness of the neck, nausea, vomiting, dementia [1], [2], and psychiatric symptoms such as depression, mania, psychosis, and personality changes [3]. It also causes ocular manifestations such as interstitial keratitis, anterior, intermediate, and posterior uveitis, chorioretinitis, retinitis, vasculitis, cranial nerve, and optic neuropathies [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurosyphilis Presenting with Optic Neuritis

2021

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The incidence of syphilis has greatly reduced in the severity of affected individuals due to the early treatment with antibiotics. However, due to the increase in the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, it has also caused a concurrent rise in the number of neurosyphilis patients. Most common ocular manifestations include uveitis, interstitial keratitis, and vasculitis. A healthy 28-years old man presented with a progressive blurring of vision in the right eye for one month. It was his second episode. The first episode occurred 4 months back which resolved spontaneously without treatment. Vision in the right eye was 6/18. The pupil was dilated and the relative afferent pupillary defect was positive. Fundus examination showed a hyperemic swollen right optic disc with blurred margins and no macular fan or star. Vision, anterior segment, and fundus were normal in the left eye. After the investigations, he was diagnosed as a case of neurosyphilis with optic neuritis. He was treated with intravenous penicillin for two weeks followed by oral penicillin for three weeks. Vision in the right eye improved to 6/6; the optic disc swelling resolved with clear margins. He maintained good vision during the follow-up of six months. Early referral to an ophthalmologist upon suspicion of syphilis, detailed evaluation, and immediate treatment is mandatory to prevent permanent vision loss in these patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All patients with diagnosed syphilis should be tested for HIV co-infection due to the higher incidence of disease progression in the immunocompromised people. However, the incidence of neurosyphilis has drastically reduced currently due to early intervention and treatment with appropriate antibiotics [3]- [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurosyphilis Presenting with Optic Neuritis

2021

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“…Syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum is a sexually transmitted multisystemic disease that can be treated with early diagnosis [1,2]. The widespread use of penicillin and other antibiotics has led to a decrease in the number of syphilis cases [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Five-year experience of neurosyphilis cases in a tertiary care hospital in Turkey

Öğün

Sırmatel

2019

j-ebr

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To evaluate retrospectively the cases of syphilis who applied to different clinics of our hospital in the last 5 years and to emphasize the importance of admission screening tests in the diagnosis of neurosyphilis which is a rare but serious form of syphilis. Methods: Sixty-one patients who admitted to different clinics of our hospital between 2013 and 2017 with different clinical manifestations and positive Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) and Treponema pallidum microhemagglutination assay (TPHA) tests were recorded and analyzed retrospectively. Results: Both VDRL and TPHA tests were positive in 44 males with a mean age of 57.4 ± 18.4 years and 17 females with a mean age of 65.3 ± 19.1 years. It was found that of the 61 patients who were examined for differential diagnosis of syphilis, 36 (%59) of them were referred from neurology clinic, 15 (25%) from infectious diseases clinic, 7 (12%) from dermatology clinic and 3 (4%) from gynecology clinic. The clinical presentation was venereal chancre in 15 cases, asymptomatic ischemic brain lesions in 17 cases, acute ischemic stroke in 13 cases, movement disorder in three cases, tabes dorsalis in two cases, tendinitis-arthritis in eight cases, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in one case, Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in one case, and pulmonary nodule in one case. Conclusions: In conclusion, syphilis is often overlooked in the differential diagnosis in patient with neurological findings. Since neurosyphilis is an easily treatable disease, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with neurological findings.

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Neuroinformatics Insights towards Multiple Neurosyphilis Complications

et al. 2022

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Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum causes syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease that infects more than 2.1 million pregnant women every year. Due to its maximum death rates and augmented risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the disease is still a matter of debate in many low- and high-income countries. The infection has three stages that lead to several complications if left untreated and can lead to many tertiary complications in the brain, eyes, ears, heart, and pregnancy. Neurosyphilis is also known as the clinical result of infection of the central nervous system by Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. It can evolve at any time and from any stage of syphilis exposure. This review briefly explains the severe and multiple neurosyphilitic complications and recently identified cases related to neurosyphilis. We also explained computational neuroscience, neuroinformatics, and in silico models and techniques based on artificial intelligence and other computational and mathematical methods. These techniques have already been applied to several neurological and psychological brain complications and can be applied to neurosyphilis to better understand the persistence of the disease related to the brain that causes neurosyphilis.

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Neurosyphilis in Psychiatric Settings: Three Case Reports

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Neurosyphilis Presenting with Optic Neuritis

Neurosyphilis Presenting with Optic Neuritis

Five-year experience of neurosyphilis cases in a tertiary care hospital in Turkey

Neuroinformatics Insights towards Multiple Neurosyphilis Complications

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