Neuroradiological Diagnosis of Intradural Spinal Angiomas in Children and Infants

Vogelsang, H

doi:10.1055/s-0028-1091757

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The proportion of intradural spinal angiomas demonstrated in children previously considered to be rather rate [11], has considerably increased since the introduction of angiography [20]. They represented about 10% of Vogelsang's [249] material, while in our series of 33 cases of intradural spinal AVMs examined by biopsy and/or autopsy, only two girls aged 6 and 9 years revealed this malformation, one of whom had a cervical AVM at the C2 to C5 level and was successfully removed.…”

Section: Morphologic Typesmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The veins may travel a long way from the AV shunt, upward and downward, and can have a size much larger than the malformation itself ( Figure 6B). Although the extent of the malformation is better appreciated by angiography than by anatomic examination, considerable discrepancy can occur between the anomaly seen in arteriography and the larger size at surgery or on morphologic examination which is the result mainly of thrombosis of most of the lesion [193,249,257]. However, the angiographic classification of AVMs of the spinal cord, based on functional anat6"mic characteristics can quite often be confirmed by gross morphology.…”

Section: Morphologic Typesmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In this connection, it has been questioned whether the AVMs are arterialized from the earliest stage of their development or whether they start as venous lesions which subsequently acquire a fistulous communication with an artery. The identification of AVMs in young children, usually showing the complex "juvenile" type [54,55,203,249] strongly suggests that no transition of this kind needs to be postulated although it should not exclude this possibility in older subjects. The proportion of intradural spinal angiomas demonstrated in children previously considered to be rather rate [11], has considerably increased since the introduction of angiography [20].…”

Section: Morphologic Typesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Their feeding vessels usually exhibit no communication with the spinal cord arteries and thus, these malformations play no part in the vascular supply of the cord. The functional anatomical separation of the epidural angiomas, the majority of which being exclusively extradural, and those in the subdural space and spinal cord [88] has to be considered in both, the angiographic diagnosis and treatment [55,59,60,249]. The dural type of spinal AVM [129] may occur isolated and rather often penetrates the spinal cord to a variable extent, while it hardly extends to the epidural space [58,59].…”

Section: Location and Major Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thoracolumbar, lumbar and lumbosacral angiomas account for 40-60% of all spinal vascular anomalies and up to 80% of the intradural angiomas, the majority being located below T 6 to T 10 [17,59,121,138,140,190,192,193,248,249,259,260]. They include intradural and subarachnoid AVMs and capillary angiomas, the latter being usually smaller and circumscribed [192].…”

Section: Location and Major Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Vascular malformations of the central nervous system: A morphological overview

Jellinger

1986

Neurosurg. Rev.

244

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vascular malformations of the central nervous system (C.N.S.) are classified by size, location, and morphologic type, distinguishing capillary telangiectasias, cavernous malformations, venous angiomas, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) including varix of the great vein of Galen, and other vascular malformations (e.g. Sturge-Weber syndrome). The morphology and predominant location pattern of the different types of vascular malformations in the brain and spinal cord, and their embryology are reviewed. In the brain and its coverings, all types mainly AVMs and venous angiomas do occur, representing 5-9% of all intracranial space-occupying lesions and 20-40% of the sources of surgically treated intracranial hemorrhages. 50-80% of the angiomas are located in the cerebral hemispheres, 10-18% in central brain areas (basal ganglia, internal capsule, choroid plexus), and 10-30% in the posterior fossa. The major types of cerebral vascular malformations are described with reference to their anatomical features, location, chief arterial and venous supply, and prominent complications. Spinal vascular malformations, accounting for 3 to 12% of spinal space-occupying lesions, include vertebral, extradural, dural, subpial and intramedullary angiomas which occur as isolated or complex vascular anomalies and may involve various covering layers at the same level. The preferential occurrence of angiomas on the dorsal surface of the cord and in the caudal regions is related to the embryologic development of spinal vasculature. Frequent association of spinal angiomas (20-25%) with other vascular anomalies and dysplasias emphasizes their hamartomatous nature and developmental origin. Spinal angiomas include capillary telangiectasias with extra- or intradural and, rarely, intramedullary location, cavernomas, mainly arising in vertebral bodies, venous angiomas, mainly located in vertebral bodies and in the extradural space, and AVMs constituting the commonest type, that may affect both the pial and radicular vessels and can penetrate into the cord. They present as simple AV fistulas, cirsoid angiomas with localized vascular plexuses and large complex convolutions ("juvenile" type). The complications of spinal angiomas include subarachnoid hemorrhage, rare epidural hematoma, hematomyelia, compression lesions of the cord and roots, and ischemic changes causing chronic progressive radiculomyelopathy, previously referred to as Foix-Alajouanine syndrome. Chronic damage to the cord and spinal roots results from pressure effects, thrombosis of the abnormal vessels, disorders of venous drainage, and "steal" phenomena related to the vascular anomalies.

show abstract

Section: Morphologic Typesmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Morphologic Typesmentioning

confidence: 93%