Neuropsychological performance deficits in adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Johnson, D. Elmer; Epstein, Jeffrey N.; Waid, L. Randolph; Latham, Patricia K.; Voronin, Konstantin; Anton, Ray

doi:10.1093/arclin/16.6.587

Cited by 95 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Besides the impaired performance on tests of attention and inhibition, executive functions seem to be the most severely impaired cognitive domain in adult ADHD patients, affecting planning, self-monitoring, working memory, fl exibility and set shifting, among others (Torralva et al, 2012b). The dysexecutive profi le of ADHD patients is qualitatively, though not always quantitatively, similar to the pattern observed in adults with frontal lobe damage (Johnson et al, 2001;Shue & Douglas, 1992). Recently, neural correlates of social cognition impairments frequently observed in bvFTD (e.g.…”

Section: Attention Defi Cit Hyperactivity Disordermentioning

confidence: 85%

The overlap of symptomatic dimensions between frontotemporal dementia and several psychiatric disorders that appear in late adulthood

Pose

Cetkovich

Gleichgerrcht

et al. 2013

International Review of Psychiatry

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Several factors make diagnosis of a possible behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) particularly challenging, especially the overlap of certain symptomatic dimensions such as apathy, disinhibition, depression, anhedonia, stereotyped behaviour, and psychosis between bvFTD and several psychiatric disorders that appear in late adulthood. We discuss the most frequent psychiatric conditions that can simulate early bvFTD symptoms, including late onset bipolar disorder, late onset schizophrenia-like psychosis, late onset depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in middle and older age.

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Section: Attention Defi Cit Hyperactivity Disordermentioning

confidence: 85%

The overlap of symptomatic dimensions between frontotemporal dementia and several psychiatric disorders that appear in late adulthood

Pose

Cetkovich

Gleichgerrcht

et al. 2013

International Review of Psychiatry

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“…This is supported from a behavioural perspective, as Johnson et al . () tested 56 adult ADHD patients and 38 typical control adult participants, and found that reaction times were significantly longer in the ADHD group. Additionally, Boonstra et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working memory – not processing speed – mediates fluid intelligence deficits associated with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms

Brydges

Ozolnieks

Roberts

2015

Journal of Neuropsychology

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Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a psychological condition characterized by inattention and hyperactivity. Cognitive deficits are commonly observed in ADHD patients, including impaired working memory, processing speed, and fluid intelligence, the three of which are theorized to be closely associated with one another. In this study, we aimed to determine if decreased fluid intelligence was associated with ADHD, and was mediated by deficits in working memory and processing speed. This study tested 142 young adults from the general population on a range of working memory, processing speed, and fluid intelligence tasks, and an ADHD self-report symptoms questionnaire. Results showed that total and hyperactive ADHD symptoms correlated significantly and negatively with fluid intelligence, but this association was fully mediated by working memory. However, inattentive symptoms were not associated with fluid intelligence. Additionally, processing speed was not associated with ADHD symptoms at all, and was not uniquely predictive of fluid intelligence. The results provide implications for working memory training programs for ADHD patients, and highlight potential differences between the neuropsychological profiles of ADHD subtypes.

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“…25 ' 27 Similar deficits have been reported in self-referred samples of adults with ADHD. 14 ' 17 ' 18 ' 28 ' 29 If these cognitive deficits are present in parents of children with ADHD, they are likely to have a negative impact upon their parenting skills. Few studies have systematically examined these cognitive functions in the parents of children with ADHD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Report and Objective Measures of ADHD-Related Behaviors in Parents of Preschool Children at Risk for ADHD

Kera

Marks²,

Berwid³

et al. 2004

CNS spectr.

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Objective: Few studies have used a combination of objective and self-report measures to examine neuropsychological and behavioral functioning in parents of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study examined attention and inhibitory control in the parents of preschool children who were rated as “at risk” for developing ADHD as compared with parents of controls.Methods:Preschool children (N=53) were divided into at risk for ADHD and control groups based on parent and teacher ratings of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition ADHD symptoms. One parent of each child was administered an identical pairs Continuous Performance Test (CPTIP), a Go/No-Go task, and the Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scale for Adults.Results: Parents of preschoolers at risk for ADHD showed a pattern of responding on measures of vigilance characterized by slower reaction times and increased commission errors as compared with parents of controls. There were no significant group differences on self-report measures on the Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scale for Adults.Conclusion: Parents of preschoolers at risk for ADHD appear to exhibit cognitive processing deficits that may not be evident using self-report measures. Further research is needed to more clearly identify the specific nature of these neuropsychological deficits and to determine whether they have a negative impact on their children.

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Neuropsychological performance deficits in adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Cited by 95 publications

References 0 publications

The overlap of symptomatic dimensions between frontotemporal dementia and several psychiatric disorders that appear in late adulthood

The overlap of symptomatic dimensions between frontotemporal dementia and several psychiatric disorders that appear in late adulthood

Working memory – not processing speed – mediates fluid intelligence deficits associated with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms

Self-Report and Objective Measures of ADHD-Related Behaviors in Parents of Preschool Children at Risk for ADHD

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