Neuropsychological findings in a non-clinical sample of workers exposed to solvents.

Reinvang, Ivar; Borchgrevink, Hans M.; Aaserud, O.; Lie, Vilde Johanna Solheim; Malt, Ulrik Fredrik; Nakstad, P; Larsson, Per Göran; Gjerstad, Leif

doi:10.1136/jnnp.57.5.614

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Note that adverse effects in neuropsychological tests assessing these functional areas typically characterise patients diagnosed with chronic toxic encephalopathy (CTE), and have often been reported in exposed workers in cross sectional studies since the 1970s. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] The finding of impaired performance in visuospatial skill in floor layers compared with their controls replicates the results from the baseline assessment of this sample. 13 However, whereas this difference was found only in floor layers with long experience 18 years ago, the impairment now applied to the entire group of floor layers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Influence of solvent exposure and aging on cognitive functioning: an 18 year follow up of formerly exposed floor layers and their controls

Nilson

Sällsten²,

Hagberg³

et al. 2002

Occup Environ Med

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Objectives: To extend our knowledge of how exposure to neurotoxic substances during working life affects cognitive functioning in the long term. Does long term occupational exposure to organic solvents lead to aggravated cognitive impairment later in life? Methods: A follow up was conducted of floor layers exposed to solvents and their unexposed referents (carpenters) 18 years after the baseline assessment. The pattern of cognitive changes in the two groups was compared, with the same 10 neuropsychological tests from the test battery for investigating functional disorders (TUFF) that were used at baseline. The study included 41 floor layers and 40 carpenters. A medical examination focused on health at the present and during the past 18 years. An extensive exposure assessment made in the initial study included questionnaires, interviews, and measurements. Additional exposure during the follow up period was minor, as explored in interviews at follow up. Results: The entire group of floor layers did not deteriorate significantly more over time than did the carpenters. However, among the oldest subjects (>60 years), only floor layers showed decline in visual memory. Moreover, the most highly exposed floor layers deteriorated significantly more than their referents in visual memory and perceptual speed, and they tended to display larger decrements in motor speed. Significant dose effect relations were found; higher cumulative exposure was associated with decrements in visual episodic memory, perceptual speed and attention, and visuospatial skill. Conclusions: The hypothesis that floor layers would deteriorate more in cognitive performance than their unexposed referents over a period of 18 years was partly supported by the results of this study. The results are consistent with the view that the negative effects of exposure to solvents may interact with the normal aging process, primarily at heavy exposure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Influence of solvent exposure and aging on cognitive functioning: an 18 year follow up of formerly exposed floor layers and their controls

Nilson

Sällsten²,

Hagberg³

et al. 2002

Occup Environ Med

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“…In addition, regarding positive moods, the mean was higher than the nonexposed group, but the difference was not significant. This finding is similar to others performed by investigations (10)(11)(12), but differs from other studies (17,18). Based on our findings and similar studies (19) in which the mean of the history of working duration is six years, more time may be necessary for developing mood alterations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…There are mixed results about neuro-behavioral effects and mood alterations due to chronic exposure to solvents (7). Some investigations have found a significant association between mood disturbance and chronic exposure to solvents (8,9); whereas, some other studies have proven no association (10,11). In 2011, a study was designed for evaluation of neuro-behavioral effects of occupational exposure to ethyl benzene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Mood Effects Due to Chronic Exposure to Solvents in a Tire Factory

2013

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Background: Exposure to solvents is a common event in industrial factories, and has numerous acute and chronic neuro-behavioral effects on workers.Objective: In this study, we tried to evaluate the effects of long time exposure to solvents on the mood alteration of workers in a tire factory.Patients and Methods: In this cross sectional study, we selected 90 men who were exposed to solvents in a tire factory and compared their behavior-mood test (POMS) with 70 people in a control group who had no exposure to solvents. This questionnaire consisted of 64 words that described the individual's emotions. Each person selected one of the five levels for stating emotions (from 0 = never to 4 = very much). A positive score from 0 to 4 belonged to each item, and the total score was the sum of all scores. First, demographic information was collected in a questionnaire. Then, we used another questionnaire with 16 questions for detecting neuro-behavioral disorders due to continuous exposure to solvents in both groups.Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups based on age and educational level (P > 0.05). The mean of employment duration in the exposed group was significantly longer than the control group (P < 0.05). The results of comparing the two groups in six mood levels showed no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05).Conclusion: According to our results, the Q16 questionnaire is recommended as a screening tool in periodic examinations of workers exposed to solvents. Questionnaire evaluations are used to help determine whether long-term overexposure to solvents has affected the central nervous system (brain)

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“…Concentration, attention, memory, visuoconstructional function, psychomotor speed, and reaction time differ significantly between patients and controls [24,27], the impairment of psychometric performance being related to the cumulative exposure index [32]. In Parkinson's disease there is impairment of immediate and delayed verbal recall, semantic fluency, and problem solving, with the impairments of some aspects of memory and language being exacerbated by the presence of depression [39].…”

Section: Clinical and Laboratory Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Parkinsonism, pyramidal signs, polyneuropathy, and cognitive decline after long-term occupational solvent exposure

Hageman

Hoek

Hout

et al. 1999

Journal of Neurology

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It is well known that exposure to manganese, solvents, or carbon monoxide in an occupational setting may lead to central nervous system damage and parkinsonism. The most important solvents in this respect are methanol, toluene, carbon disulfide, and n-hexane. We describe three patients who had been exposed to various solvents for more than 20 years (25, 34, and 46 years). They presented with parkinsonism, pyramidal signs, mild cognitive decline, and unresponsiveness to levodopa. Two patients had a predominantly axonal and sensory polyneuropathy of the lower legs with fasciculations in one of them. Parkinsonian features were progressive, even after the patients had stopped work. We present clinical data, neuropsychological findings, and results of brain computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, electroneuromyography, evoked potentials, single photon emission computed tomography, and positron-emission tomography. There is growing evidence that various organic solvents give rise to a parkinsonism syndrome with pyramidal features in susceptible individuals.

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Neuropsychological findings in a non-clinical sample of workers exposed to solvents.

Cited by 25 publications

References 8 publications

Influence of solvent exposure and aging on cognitive functioning: an 18 year follow up of formerly exposed floor layers and their controls

Influence of solvent exposure and aging on cognitive functioning: an 18 year follow up of formerly exposed floor layers and their controls

Evaluation of Mood Effects Due to Chronic Exposure to Solvents in a Tire Factory

Parkinsonism, pyramidal signs, polyneuropathy, and cognitive decline after long-term occupational solvent exposure

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