Neuropsychological Dysfunction in Antipsychotic-Naive First-Episode Unipolar Psychotic Depression

Hill, S. Kristian; Keshavan, Matcheri S.; Thase, Michael E.; Sweeney, John A.

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.6.996

Cited by 134 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This may be explained by differential effects of fatigue (Peters, 1980). Also comma as expected (Bashir et al, 2013;Hill et al, 2004;Hueng et al, 2011;Kertzman et al, 2010;Lampe et al, 2004;Rohling et al, 2002;Swann et al, 1999), we found significant impairment in psychomotor speed between unipolar depressed subjects and controls. Psychomotor performance in depressed subjects may be further influenced by other factors, such as hospitalization status/duration, severity, subtype and duration of depression, and medication (Bashir et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Given that motor retardation is a common feature of depression (American Psychiatry Association, 2013;Caligiuri & Ellwanger, 2000), tests of fine psychomotor performance, such as the Finger Tapping Test (FTT), have been widely utilized in several studies on depression (Arnold et al, 2005;Bashir, Khade, Kosaraju, Kumar, & Rani, 2013;Caligiuri & Ellwanger, 2000;Hill, Keshavan, Thase, & Sweeney, 2004;Hueng et al, 2011;Kertzman et al, 2010;Lampe, Sitskoorn, & Heeren, 2004;Meyer et al, 2006;Rohling, Green, Allen, & Iverson, 2002;Schrijvers, Hulstijn, & Sabbe, 2008;Swann, Katz, Bowden, Berman, & Stokes, 1999) proving to be reliable to access impairments and discard malingering (Arnold et al, 2005;Rohling et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Computerized Finger Tapping Task in Adult Unipolar Depressed Patients and Healthy Subjects: Influence of Age, Gender, Education, and Hand Dominance

Moniz

Jesus²,

Pacheco³

et al. 2016

RES

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Introduction: Current diagnostic criteria for depression include psychomotor retardation, being the Finger Tapping Test (FTT) as one of the most utilized instruments to assess fine psychomotor performance. Results: We found significant differences between depressed patients and healthy controls. Significant effects of age and gender were found.Conclusion: Results allowed us to identify differences in performance between the two groups, therefore this version of the FTT revealed adequate reliability values, one instrument accessible to all clinicians.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computerized Finger Tapping Task in Adult Unipolar Depressed Patients and Healthy Subjects: Influence of Age, Gender, Education, and Hand Dominance

Moniz

Jesus²,

Pacheco³

et al. 2016

RES

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“…Several factors could explain these discrepancies, and among them psychotic features. Indeed, it was observed that patients with first episode of psychotic unipolar depression had a pattern of neuropsychological dysfunction similar to but less severe than that of patients with schizophrenia (Hill et al 2004). This suggests that these psychotic disorders may have common pathophysiological features.…”

Section: Cognitive Deficits In Major Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consensus paper of the WFSBP Task Force on Biological Markers: Biological Markers in Depression

Mößner

Mikova

Koutsilieri

et al. 2007

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry

226

126

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Biological markers for depression are of great interest to aid in elucidating the causes of major depression. We assess currently available biological markers to query their validity for aiding in the diagnosis of major depression. We specifically focus on neurotrophic factors, serotonergic markers, biochemical markers, immunological markers, neuroimaging, neurophysiological findings, and neuropsychological markers. We delineate the most robust biological markers of major depression. These include decreased platelet imipramine binding, decreased 5-HT1A receptor expression, increase of soluble interleukin-2 receptor and interleukin-6 in serum, decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor in serum, hypocholesterolemia, low blood folate levels, and impaired suppression of the dexamethasone suppression test. To date, however, none of these markers are sufficiently specific to contribute to the diagnosis of major depression. Thus, with regard to new diagnostic manuals such as DSM-V and ICD-11 which are currently assessing whether biological markers may be included in diagnostic criteria, no biological markers for major depression are currently available for inclusion in the diagnostic criteria.

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“…There are considerable data suggesting that PMD is a distinct syndrome from nonpsychotic major depression (NPMD), as evidenced by significant differences on a number of different dimensions: neuropsychological testing Fleming et al, 2004;Hill et al, 2004), response to treatment (Spiker et al, 1985), and morbidity and mortality (Rothschild, 2003;Vythilingam et al, 2003). PMD patients also show a number of biological characteristics that are distinct from NPMD patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most notably, they demonstrate excessive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, as evidenced by elevated urinary free cortisol levels (Kathol et al, 1989), elevated evening and night time cortisol levels (Sachar et al, 1973), and high rates of dexamethasone nonsuppression (Nelson and Davis, 1997). Administration of glucocorticoids to healthy controls (Lupien et al, 1999;Newcomer et al, 1999) results in cognitive deficits similar to those seen with PMD Fleming et al, 2004;Hill et al, 2004). In addition, a number of years ago, we hypothesized that the psychotic features of PMD were due to excessive glucocorticoid activity (Schatzberg et al, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Biological Effects of Mifepristone Treatment for Psychotic Depression

Flores

Kenna

Keller

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

186

106

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Psychotic major depression (PMD) is found to be a relatively common psychiatric condition that affects up to nearly 20% of patients with major depression. Previous studies by our group have shown rapid reversal of psychotic symptoms in some PMD patients treated with mifepristone, in addition to restoring a more normal afternoon cortisol release. The rationale for treating patients with PMD with a glucocorticosteroid receptor antagonist is further discussed. In total, 30 patients with PMD were treated with either 600 mg/day mifepristone or placebo for 8 days in a randomized double-blind manner. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) were administered at baseline and again after 8 days of treatment. Cortisol and ACTH were measured hourly from 1800 to 0900 at baseline and after 8 days of treatment. Significantly, more patients in the mifepristone group (seven of 15) showed a 50% or greater decline on the BPRS positive symptom subscale, an index of psychotic symptoms, as compared to the placebo group (two of 15). Patients who received mifepristone had lower HDRS and BPRS scores at study completion compared to those who received placebo, but these differences were not statistically significant. In addition, mifepristone significantly elevated cortisol and ACTH levels and steepened ascending slopes from 1800 to 0100 and from 0100 to 0900 as compared to placebo. Clinical and biological effects of mifepristone were comparable among males and females. Age was found to significantly and positively correlate with changes in cortisol and ACTH. These results suggest that short-term use of mifepristone may be effective in the treatment of PMD and may reregulate the HPA axis. Additional blinded studies are warranted.

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Neuropsychological Dysfunction in Antipsychotic-Naive First-Episode Unipolar Psychotic Depression

Cited by 134 publications

References 37 publications

Computerized Finger Tapping Task in Adult Unipolar Depressed Patients and Healthy Subjects: Influence of Age, Gender, Education, and Hand Dominance

Computerized Finger Tapping Task in Adult Unipolar Depressed Patients and Healthy Subjects: Influence of Age, Gender, Education, and Hand Dominance

Consensus paper of the WFSBP Task Force on Biological Markers: Biological Markers in Depression

Clinical and Biological Effects of Mifepristone Treatment for Psychotic Depression

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