Neuropsychological deficit and aggressive behavior: A prospective study

Foster, Hilliard G.; Hillbrand, Marc; Silverstein, Michael

doi:10.1016/0278-5846(93)90021-j

Cited by 51 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Future work is needed to test this hypothesis. Antisocial or impulsive behavior has also been linked to medial frontal/ACC dysfunction (Bush et al, 1999;Foster et al, 1993;Teichner et al, 2001). In addition, psychopathy has been suggested to involve ACC dysfunction (Kiehl et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiating among prefrontal substrates in psychopathy: Neuropsychological test findings.

Blair¹,

Newman²,

Mitchell³

et al. 2006

Neuropsychology

125

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Frontal lobe and consequent executive dysfunction have long been related to psychopathy. More recently, there have been suggestions that specific regions of frontal cortex, rather than all of frontal cortex, may be implicated in psychopathy. To examine this issue, the authors presented 25 individuals with psychopathy and 30 comparison individuals with measures preferentially indexing the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC; object alternation task), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC; spatial alternation task), and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC; number-Stroop reading and counting tasks). The individuals with psychopathy showed significant impairment on the measure preferentially sensitive to OFC functioning. In contrast, the 2 groups did not show impairment on the measures preferentially sensitive to the functioning of the DLPFC or ACC. These results are interpreted with reference to executive dysfunction accounts of the disorder.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiating among prefrontal substrates in psychopathy: Neuropsychological test findings.

Blair¹,

Newman²,

Mitchell³

et al. 2006

Neuropsychology

125

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show abstract

“…However, in two of the studies a majority of the participants had a diagnosis of schizophrenia. One study compared 23 forensic inpatients, 16 of whom had a diagnosis of schizophrenia, who had committed a violent crime [69]. Impairment on several neuropsychological tests, the judgment of line orientation test, the symbol digit modalities test, the Stroop Interference Test, and the test of nonverbal intelligence, was correlated with the frequency and severity of violent behavior.…”

Section: Evidence From Neuropsychological Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimaging and Neurocognitive Correlates of Aggression and Violence in Schizophrenia

Weiss

2012

Scientifica

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Individuals diagnosed with major mental disorders such as schizophrenia are more likely to have engaged in violent behavior than mentally healthy members of the same communities. Although aggressive acts can have numerous causes, research about the underlying neurobiology of violence and aggression in schizophrenia can lead to a better understanding of the heterogeneous nature of that behavior and can assist in developing new treatment strategies. The purpose of this paper is to review the recent literature and discuss some of the neurobiological correlates of aggression and violence. The focus will be on schizophrenia, and the results of neuroimaging and neuropsychological studies that have directly investigated brain functioning and/or structure in aggressive and violent samples will be discussed as well as other domains that might predispose to aggression and violence such as deficits in responding to the emotional expressions of others, impulsivity, and psychopathological symptoms. Finally gender differences regarding aggression and violence are discussed. In this context several methodological and conceptional issues that limited the comparison of these studies will be addressed.

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“…The same lead authors conducted a subsequent case-control study of aggression in conduct disordered adolescent females, controlling for ADHD: low executive function scores retained a significant independent correlation with physically aggressive antisocial behaviour 34. In a 1 year prospective study of forensic psychiatric inpatients who had committed a violent crime, low scores on three tests of frontal executive function significantly predicted frequency of aggression, accounting for 57% of the variance 35. Although studies of psychopathic subjects have not demonstrated frontal executive dysfunction,27 one report found that, compared with non-psychopathic criminals, psychopathic criminals showed significant deficits on tests specifically selected to assess orbitofrontal and ventromedial functioning 36…”

Section: Neuropsychological Studies Of Aggressive and Antisocial Subjmentioning

confidence: 99%

ADVANCES IN NEUROPSYCHIATRY: Neuropsychiatry of frontal lobe dysfunction in violent and criminal behaviour: a critical review

Brower

Price²

2001

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &Amp; Psychiatry

489

277

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Objectives-To establish the link between frontal lobe dysfunction and violent and criminal behaviour, based on a review of relevant literature. Methods-Articles relating evidence of frontal lobe dysfunction with violence or crime were collected through a MEDLINE search using the keyword "frontal lobe" combined with the terms "aggression," "violence," "crime," "antisocial personality disorder," "psychopathy," "impulse control disorders", and "episodic dyscontrol." Reference lists were then searched for additional articles. Results-High rates of neuropsychiatric abnormalities reported in persons with violent and criminal behaviour suggest an association between aggressive dyscontrol and brain injury, especially involving the frontal lobes. The studies reviewed support an association between frontal lobe dysfunction and increased aggressive and antisocial behaviour. Focal orbitofrontal injury is specifically associated with increased aggression. Deficits in frontal executive function may increase the likelihood of future aggression, but no study has reliably demonstrated a characteristic pattern of frontal network dysfunction predictive of violent crime. Conclusions-Clinically significant focal frontal lobe dysfunction is associated with aggressive dyscontrol, but the increased risk of violence seems less than is widely presumed. Evidence is strongest for an association between focal prefrontal damage and an impulsive subtype of aggressive behaviour. (J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001;71:720-726)

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Neuropsychological deficit and aggressive behavior: A prospective study

Cited by 51 publications

References 9 publications

Differentiating among prefrontal substrates in psychopathy: Neuropsychological test findings.

Differentiating among prefrontal substrates in psychopathy: Neuropsychological test findings.

Neuroimaging and Neurocognitive Correlates of Aggression and Violence in Schizophrenia

ADVANCES IN NEUROPSYCHIATRY: Neuropsychiatry of frontal lobe dysfunction in violent and criminal behaviour: a critical review

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