Neuropsychological correlates of psychopathic traits in a non-incarcerated sample

Abnormal Structural Correlates of Response Perseveration in Individuals With Psychopathy

“…5,6 In an experimental setting, perseveration may be measured using neuropsychological tasks such as the Wisconsin Card-Sorting Test (WCST), 7 and studies using the WCST in psychopathic populations have reported increased perseverative response to be correlated with increased features of psychopathy. 8,9 …”

Procesamiento de errores en la psicopatía subclínica: un estudio de potenciales evocados

“…Por otro lado, elevadas puntuaciones en el PPI-R-II, pero no en el PPI-R-I, se han asociado de forma específica con distintos déficits en baterías de pruebas neuropsicoló-gicas destinadas a evaluar el correcto funcionamiento ejecutivo, como un mayor número de errores a estímulos NoGo o una mayor interferencia en tareas de flancos (Sellbom y Verona, 2007), y con una peor inhibición en una tarea de decisión léxica con estímulos 'Stop' (Heritage y Benning, 2013). En relación al componente P300, recientemente se ha confirmado la asociación selectiva entre una reducida amplitud de este componente -medido en tareas oddball-y elevadas puntuaciones en el PPI-R-II en muestras de la población general (Carlson, Thai y McLarnon, 2009), así como a elevadas puntuaciones en el PCL-R-F2 en muestras penitenciarias .…”

The Psychopath Next Door: How Similar Are They to Those Behind Bars? Criminality, Executive Functioning, and Emotion Processing in 'Noncriminal' Psychopathy

“…There is also some evidence of executive dysfunction in criminal psychopathic individuals, such as poor behavioural inhibition (Newman & Brinkley, 1997) and set-shifting (Bagshaw et al, 2014), with research suggesting this is primarily associated with elevated levels of secondary psychopathy. Conversely, there is some research that suggests that noncriminal psychopathy (Ishikawa, Raine, Lencz, Bihrle, & Lacasse, 2001) and/or higher levels of primary psychopathy are actually associated with superior executive functioning (Hansen, Johnsen, Thornton, Waage, & Thayer, 2007;Sellbom & Verona, 2007).…”

“…The intuitive appeal of the executive dysfunction hypothesis has led to a flurry of research examining executive function processes in psychopathic individuals (e.g., Bagshaw et al, 2014;De Brito, Viding, Kumari, Blackwood, & Hodgins, 2013;Dolan, 2012;Ishikawa et al, 2001;Mahmut, Homewood, & Stevenson, 2008;Mol, Van Den Bos, Derks, & Egger, 2009;Pham, Vanderstukken, Philippot, & Vanderlinden, 2003;Ross, Benning, & Adams, 2007;Sellbom & Verona, 2007;Snowden, Gray, Pugh, & Atkinson, 2013). However, research findings to date are contradictory and clouded by methodological inconsistencies in the measurement of psychopathy, the types of executive function studied (e.g., cool executive functions or hot executive functions), the measurement of executive function utilised, and demographic differences between samples (e.g., male criminal offender samples, male community samples, or mixed gender community samples).…”

“…Therefore, although general population samples were utilised, the scales used may only be capturing criminal psychopathy in a noncriminal sample. Very few studies have examined psychopathy in noncriminal and nonclinical samples using noncriminal measures (e.g., Lynam et al, 1999;Sellbom & Verona, 2007;Wall et al, 2013).…”