Neuropsychological correlates of opioid dependence and withdrawal

Lyvers, Michael; Yakimoff, Michael

doi:10.1016/s0306-4603(01)00253-2

Cited by 78 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In substance dependence diminished EFs have been found [12][13][14], as well as abnormalities in brain structures and functions of the prefrontal cortices and connecting circuits [15][16][17][18][19]. In impulse control disorders with a childhood onset, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Tourette syndrome (TS), studies indicate that diminished EFs are present [20][21][22][23], and abnormalities in brain structures and functions involved in EFs are present [21,24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive functions in pathological gambling: a comparison with alcohol dependence, Tourette syndrome and normal controls

et al. 2006

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Aims Neurocognitive functions in pathological gambling have relevance for the aetiology and treatment of this disorder, yet are poorly understood. This study therefore investigated neurocognitive impairments of executive functions in a group of carefully screened Diagnostic and Statistical Manual version IV (DSM-IV-TR) pathological gamblers. Performance was compared to a group of normal control participants. To study the specificity of these neurocognitive deficits, a substance dependence group (alcohol dependence) and an impulse control disorder group (Tourette syndrome) were included. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Addiction and general mental health treatment centres. Participants Forty-nine pathological gamblers, 48 abstinent alcohol-dependent patients, 46 participants with Tourette syndrome and 49 normal control participants. Measurements A comprehensive neuropsychological battery measuring executive functions as well as basic cognitive functions. Findings Both the pathological gambling and the alcohol dependent groups were characterized by diminished performance on inhibition, time estimation, cognitive flexibility and planning tasks. The Tourette syndrome group showed deficits only on inhibition tasks. Basic cognitive functions were intact in all clinical groups. Comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, antisocial personality disorder and nicotine dependence influenced the impaired functions of the clinical groups only minimally. Conclusions Carefully screened groups of pathological gamblers and alcohol dependents were characterized by diminished executive functioning, suggesting a dysfunction of frontal lobe circuitry in these disorders. The resemblance between the pathological gambling group and the alcohol dependence group suggests a common neurocognitive aetiology for these disorders. Psychosocial treatment of these disorders could benefit from assessing and targeting deficits in executive functions, as they probably influence the course of these disorders negatively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive functions in pathological gambling: a comparison with alcohol dependence, Tourette syndrome and normal controls

et al. 2006

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“…Impairments in set-shifting are associated with disorders such as schizophrenia and addiction (Schneider and Asarnow, 1987;Lyvers and Yakimoff, 2003). Clinical and animal studies suggest that N-methyl-Daspartate (NMDA) receptors play a critical role in cognitive flexibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of N-methyl-D-aspartate and group 5 metabotropic glutamate receptors on behavioral flexibility using a novel operant set-shift paradigm

Darrah

Stefani

Moghaddam

2008

Behavioural Pharmacology

124

105

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Behavioral flexibility or 'set-shifting' refers to the ability to modify ongoing behavior in response to changing goals or environmental contingencies. Impaired behavioral flexibility is associated with disorders such as schizophrenia and addiction. Hypofunction of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors has been implicated in these impairments. Metabotropic glutamate 5 (mGlu5) receptors closely interact with NMDA receptors and may provide a feasible pharmacological target for indirect manipulation of NMDA receptor function in disease states. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of NMDA and mGlu5 receptors on set-shifting ability. We developed a computer-controlled, operant-based set-shifting task that requires rats to learn sequential discrimination rules based on two distinct perceptual dimensions. Using this task, we found that administration of the NMDA receptor antagonist MK801, both systemically and intracortically, significantly impaired task performance, whereas stimulation or inhibition of mGlu5 receptors did not impair task performance. However, when administered after MK801, potentiation of mGlu5 receptor function reduced the performance impairments observed with MK801 alone. These results suggest an interaction between NMDA and mGlu5 receptors in cognitive flexibility and may provide a novel therapeutic approach for treating disorders associated with aberrant NMDA function.

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“…Studies concerning cocaine and opioids showed deficits in cognitive flexibility. Other studies showed impairment in working memory and attention associated with alcohol abuse (11,12) . Also, amphetamine abuse leads to deficit in attention and impulse control (13) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Cognitive Impairment in Addiction Core or Comorbidity

Zayet¹,

Batrawi²,

Eid³

et al. 2017

IAM

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Background: Addiction is one of the most prevalent mental disorders in the world. It affects the individual and the population as a whole on the social, moral and economic levels. It manifests as drug seeking behavior in addition to drug use and persistent craving even after considerable periods of abstinence. Some theories suggested that the core of this disorder from the neuropsychological point of view is impaired cognition. Aim: assessment of different cognitive domains in opioids addicts comparing them with healthy controls. Methods: Multiple cognitive tests were used including Processing speed using the Digit Symbol task from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, visualspatial functions, constructional ability and visual memory by using -Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test, visuoconstructive abilities by using block design task from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, auditory verbal working memory by using digit span task from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, abstraction and verbal concept formation by using similarities task from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and active attention in addition to speed of processing by using Trail A and Trail B making test. Results: There was no significant statistical difference in the digit symbol, block design, digit span and similarities between the two groups reflecting no significant impairment in attention, recent memory and abstraction. Conclusion: Addiction is not always associated with cognitive impairment. However, its presence leads to worsening of prognosis and more vulnerability to relapse. However, further studies are needed with larger samples to verify its role in the addictive process.

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Neuropsychological correlates of opioid dependence and withdrawal

Cited by 78 publications

References 28 publications

Neurocognitive functions in pathological gambling: a comparison with alcohol dependence, Tourette syndrome and normal controls

Neurocognitive functions in pathological gambling: a comparison with alcohol dependence, Tourette syndrome and normal controls

Interaction of N-methyl-D-aspartate and group 5 metabotropic glutamate receptors on behavioral flexibility using a novel operant set-shift paradigm

Cognitive Impairment in Addiction Core or Comorbidity

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