Neuropsychological and Psychophysiological Correlates of Psychosocial Functioning in Schizophrenia

Brekke, John S.; Raine, Adrian; Ansel, Mark; Lencz, Todd; Bird, Laura

doi:10.1093/schbul/23.1.19

Cited by 159 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…The relationship between speed of processing and functioning found in the present study has also been described by other authors. Thus, speed of processing deficits have been associated with impairments in different domains of functional outcome such as global psychosocial functioning 60,67 , community functioning 68 , daily problem solving skills 69 , job tenure 70 , social skills 71 , or independent living skills 72 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognition, social cognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia

et al. 2014

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SPAINABSTRACT -Background and Objectives: A relationship has been found between cognition and functioning in patients with schizophrenia. Our objective was to study the relationship between the cognitive domains assessed by the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB), and functioning as evaluated using the functioning subscale of the Global Assessment of Functioning scale (GAF-f).Methods: A sample of 83 clinically stable outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-IV criteria were assessed using the MCCB and the GAF-f. Pearson correlations and stepwise linear regression analyses were performed.Results: Correlation analysis between the GAF-f and the cognitive domains of the MCCB showed a significant relationship between functioning and all of the cognitive domains. Regression yielded a statistically significant model (F 2,74 = 20.4, p < 0.001) in which functioning was related to Speed of processing (standardized β = 0.369, p = 0.001) and to Social cognition (standardized β = 0.325, p = 0.003). Together, these two variables explained 33.8% of the variance of functioning.Conclusions: Both speed of processing and social cognition have an important association with functioning in patients with schizophrenia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognition, social cognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia

et al. 2014

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“…The association of cognitive function and subjective functioning has been repeatedly discussed and investigated. Contradictory hypotheses were favored in different publications [34] . First, that cognitive defi cits, especially attention and memory defi cits, are negatively associated with QOL and secondly, that patients with cognitive defi cits tend to report a better QOL, due to some insight defi cits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PANSS Syndromes and Quality of Life in Schizophrenia

Karow

Moritz²,

Lambert³

et al. 2005

Psychopathology

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Background: Results from factor analysis studies have suggested that a five-dimensional structure appears to be a better representation of the psychopathological data of the PANSS. The purpose of this study was the detailed investigation of the association of schizophrenia syndromes and single symptoms with quality of life (QOL) in acute and remitted patients. The leading hypotheses were: (1) affective symptoms, especially depression and anxiety, are mostly associated with QOL longitudinally and (2) in the acute phase, QOL is also associated with positive schizophrenia symptoms. Methods: For the present study, schizophrenia and schizophreniform patients were studied on admission, at the end of the acute phase and 6 months after hospitalization. Psychopathology was measured using the PANSS syndromes, QOL was assessed using disease-specific (SWN) and generic (MLDL, EDLQ) scales. Results: Eighty-four patients entered the study and were assessed during the acute phase taking into account their history and actual treatment. Results revealed anxiety as the most important symptom and depression as the most important syndrome associated with different areas of QOL during and after hospitalization. Also cognitive and negative symptoms were associated with different QOL domains, but both positive symptom clusters showed no substantial association with QOL. Conclusions: Results of this longitudinal study investigating psychopathology and QOL in schizophrenia provide further support for the need to consider the psychopathological state and treatment setting when measuring QOL in schizophrenia and the need for a differential analysis of schizophrenia symptoms and QOL in the acute, mid-term and long-term phase. Anxiety reduction should be a critical goal of treatment in order to prevent further QOL impairment.

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“…Digit symbol coding also indexes the degree of functional disability that results from illness. Brekke et al 79 found coding task performance related to independent living. Stratta and colleagues 55 found the measure associated with scores on a scale measuring the level of performance in expected community roles.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overlooking the Obvious

Dickinson

Ramsey²,

Gold

2007

Arch Gen Psychiatry

770

298

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Context:In focusing on potentially localizable cognitive impairments, the schizophrenia meta-analytic literature has overlooked the largest single impairment: on digit symbol coding tasks.Objective: To compare the magnitude of the schizophrenia impairment on coding tasks with impairments on other traditional neuropsychological instruments.Data Sources: MEDLINE and PsycINFO electronic databases and reference lists from identified articles.Study Selection: English-language studies from 1990 to present, comparing performance of patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls on coding tasks and cognitive measures representing at least 2 other cognitive domains. Of 182 studies identified, 40 met all criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis.Data Extraction: Means, standard deviations, and sample sizes were extracted for digit symbol coding and 36 other cognitive variables. In addition, we recorded potential clinical moderator variables, including chronicity/ severity, medication status, age, and education, and potential study design moderators, including coding task variant, matching, and study publication date.Data Synthesis: Main analyses synthesized data from 37 studies comprising 1961 patients with schizophrenia and 1444 comparison subjects. Combination of mean effect sizes across studies by means of a random effects model yielded a weighted mean effect for digit symbol coding of g = −1.57 (95% confidence interval, −1.66 to −1.48). This effect compared with a grand mean effect of g=−0.98 and was significantly larger than effects for widely used measures of episodic memory, executive functioning, and working memory. Moderator variable analyses indicated that clinical and study design differences between studies had little effect on the coding task effect.Comparison with previous meta-analyses suggested that current results were representative of the broader literature. Subsidiary analysis of data from relatives of patients with schizophrenia also suggested prominent coding task impairments in this group. Conclusion:The 5-minute digit symbol coding task, reliable and easy to administer, taps an information processing inefficiency that is a central feature of the cognitive deficit in schizophrenia and deserves systematic investigation. Psychiatry. 2007;64:532-542 W ITH EVIDENCE FROM hundreds of studies, cognitive impairment is now widely recognized as a critical and reliable feature of schizophrenia. Meta-analytic methods have been useful in distilling this enormous literature. In the first major synthesis, Heinrichs and Zakzanis 1 found evidence of significant impairment across the full range of traditional neuropsychological tests, with some evidence of disproportionate impairment in the area of verbal memory. Other meta-analyses have focused more specifically on episodic memory, 2,3 executive functioning, 4 the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test,5,6 working memory, 7 and verbal fluency. 8 , 9 These meta-analyseshighlighting domains and measures associated with prefrontal and temporal brain regions-reflect the do...

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Neuropsychological and Psychophysiological Correlates of Psychosocial Functioning in Schizophrenia

Cited by 159 publications

References 61 publications

Neurocognition, social cognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia

Neurocognition, social cognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia

PANSS Syndromes and Quality of Life in Schizophrenia

Overlooking the Obvious

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