Neuropsychologic Testing for Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment

Myers, Jamie

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6306-2_9

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We conclude this section by noting: (1) that a large but somewhat controversial literature is emerging regarding the ability of cytotoxic (and endocrine) chemotherapies to induce cognitive changes collectively termed chemobrain (or chemofog ),126–130 (2) that all cognitive testing batteries rely on sensory (visual and / or auditory) input to subjects or patients, and (3) that testing batteries typically include tests involving higher-order visual information processing or retrieval capabilities 131, 132. Details are outside the scope of this review.…”

Section: Chemotherapeutic Agents Used Shortly After Bc Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Cancer Medications and Vision: Effects of Treatments for Early-stage Disease

Eisner¹,

Luoh²

2011

Current Eye Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review concerns the effects on vision and the eye of medications prescribed at three phases of treatment for women with early-stage breast cancer (BC): (1) adjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy, (2) adjuvant endocrine therapy, and (3) symptomatic relief. The most common side effects of cytotoxic chemotherapy are epiphora and ocular surface irritation, which can be caused by any of several different regimens. Most notably, the taxane docetaxel can lead to epiphora by inducing canalicular stenosis. The selective-estrogen-receptor-modulator (SERM) tamoxifen, long the gold-standard adjuvant-endocrine-therapy for women with hormone-receptor-positive BC, increases the risk of posterior subcapsular cataract. Tamoxifen also affects the optic nerve head more often than previously thought, apparently by causing subclinical swelling within the first 2 years of use for women older than ∼50 years. Tamoxifen retinopathy is rare, but it can cause foveal cystoid spaces that are revealed with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and that may increase the risk for macular holes. Tamoxifen often alters the perceived color of flashed lights detected via short-wavelength-sensitive (SWS) cone response isolated psychophysically; these altered perceptions may reflect a neural-response sluggishness that becomes evident at ∼2 years of use. The aromatase inhibitor (AI) anastrozole affects perception similarly, but in an age-dependent manner suggesting that the change of estrogen activity towards lower levels is more important than the low estrogen activity itself. Based on analysis of OCT retinal thickness data, it is likely that anastrozole increases the tractional force between the vitreous and retina. Consequently, AI users, myopic AI users particularly, might be at increased risk for traction-related vision loss. Because bisphosphonates are sometimes prescribed to redress AI-induced bone loss, clinicians should be aware of their potential to cause scleritis and uveitis occasionally. We conclude by suggesting some avenues for future research into the visual and ocular effects of AIs, particularly as relates to assessment of cognitive function.

show abstract

Section: Chemotherapeutic Agents Used Shortly After Bc Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast Cancer Medications and Vision: Effects of Treatments for Early-stage Disease

Eisner¹,

Luoh²

2011

Current Eye Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the toxicity associated with chemotherapy leads to several acute and chronic adverse side effects [1][2][3][4][5], including cognitive dysfunction, which is referred to as chemobrain [6]. The cognitive dysfunction can vary from moderate to severe and can affect patients' emotional, behavioral, and mental status, which consequently influences their ability to concentrate, multitask, and memorize [7]. Currently, there are over 16 million cancer survivors in the USA, and this number is expected to increase to 22 million by 2030 [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Metformin on Doxorubicin-Induced Memory Dysfunction

Alharbi

Almogbel

et al. 2020

Brain Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Doxorubicin (DOX) is widely used to treat many types of cancer; however, it is associated with chemotherapy-related complications such as cognitive dysfunction, known as chemobrain. Chemobrain affects up to 75% of cancer survivors, and there are currently no available therapeutic options. This study aims to examine whether metformin (MET) can protect against the neurotoxicity caused by DOX treatment. Forty male rats were divided into four groups (10 rats/group): control, DOX, DOX + MET, and MET. Rats treated with DOX received five doses of 4 mg/kg DOX weekly (cumulative dose: 20 mg/kg). For the DOX-MET and MET groups, MET (3 mg/mL) was dissolved in drinking water. Behavioral and glucose tests were performed one day after treatment was completed. We found DOX (4 mg/kg/week, 5 weeks) caused learning and memory impairment in the Y-maze, novel object recognition, and elevated plus maze behavioral tests. MET did not rescue these DOX-induced memory impairments. Neither DOX nor MET nor MET + DOX altered glucose levels following the treatment. In summary, DOX treatment is associated with memory impairment in rats, but MET does not rescue this cognitive dysfunction.

show abstract

“…Determination of a causal connection between chemotherapy and cognitive impairment is difficult in clinical studies due to patient-to-patient differences in disease status, treatment regimen, psychologic reactions to diagnosis and treatment, and baseline cognitive reserve, as well as differences in test administration (16)(17)(18)(19). The exact nature and extent of impairments reported are difficult to quantify, and often, patient complaints are more frequent and more severe than what is detected in the clinic (20)(21)(22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Cognitive Function and Hippocampal Neurogenesis following Cancer Chemotherapy

Christie

Acharya

Parihar

et al. 2012

Clinical Cancer Research

245

204

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: A substantial proportion of breast cancer survivors report significant, long-lasting impairments in cognitive function, often referred to as "chemobrain." Advances in detection and treatment mean that many more patients are surviving long-term following diagnosis of invasive breast cancer. Thus, it is important to define the types, extent, and persistence of cognitive impairments following treatment with cytotoxic cancer drugs.Experimental Design: We examined the effects of chronic treatment with two agents commonly used in patients with breast cancer, cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin (Adriamycin). Athymic nude rats were given 50 mg/kg cyclophosphamide, 2 mg/kg doxorubicin, or saline injections once per week for 4 weeks. A novel place recognition task and contextual and cued fear conditioning were used to characterize learning and memory ability. Immunofluorescence staining for immature and mature neurons and activated microglia was used to assess changes in neurogenesis and neuroinflammation.Results: Cyclophosphamide-and doxorubicin-treated rats showed significantly impaired performance on the novel place recognition task and the contextual fear conditioning task compared with untreated controls, suggesting disrupted hippocampal-based memory function. Chemotherapy-treated animals showed a significant decline in neurogenesis [80%-90% drop in bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd)-labeled cells expressing NeuN]. Activated microglia (ED1-positive) were found after cyclophosphamide but not doxorubicin treatment.Conclusions: Our results show that chronic treatment with either of two commonly used chemotherapeutic agents impairs cognitive ability and suggest that strategies to prevent or repair disrupted hippocampal neurogenesis may be effective in ameliorating this serious side effect in cancer survivors.

show abstract

Neuropsychologic Testing for Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

Breast Cancer Medications and Vision: Effects of Treatments for Early-stage Disease

Breast Cancer Medications and Vision: Effects of Treatments for Early-stage Disease

Effect of Metformin on Doxorubicin-Induced Memory Dysfunction

Impaired Cognitive Function and Hippocampal Neurogenesis following Cancer Chemotherapy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About