Neuropsychologic prediction of performance measures of daily living skills in geriatric patients.

Richardson, Emily D.; Nadler, Jodi D.; Malloy, Paul F.

doi:10.1037/0894-4105.9.4.565

Cited by 71 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…This finding is consistent with several previous studies (Dunn et al, 1990;McCue et al, 1990;Nadler et al, 1993;Richardson et al, 1995). Expressive language (Object Naming) showed the second strongest and only other independent relationship with the IQCODE.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…More recent studies have addressed associations between impairments in specific cognitive domains and measures of functional capacity. Several studies have shown memory impairments to be strongly associated with functional losses (Dunn et al, 1990;Goldstein et al, 1992;McCue et al, 1990;Richardson et al, 1995), while other studies have emphasized the importance of executive functioning (CahnWeiner et al, 2000;Nadler et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Everyday functioning in relation to cognitive functioning and neuroimaging in community-dwelling Hispanic and Non-Hispanic older adults

Farias

Mungas

Reed

et al. 2004

J. Inter. Neuropsych. Soc.

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The purpose of this study was to examine how a specific informant-based measure of everyday functioning, the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE; Jorm & Korten, 1988) relates to cognition and structural neuroimaging in a large multicultural, multilingual sample of Caucasians and Hispanics. Cognitive variables included selected subtests from the Spanish and English Neuropsychological Assessment Scales (SENAS; Mungas et al., 2000): Verbal Memory, Object Naming, Verbal Attention Span, Verbal Conceptual Thinking, and Pattern Recognition. The association between the IQCODE and selected neuroimaging variables, hippocampal volume and white matter hyperintensity, was evaluated in a subsample of English-and Spanish-speaking Hispanic individuals. The cognitive variables showed strong bivariate relationships with the IQCODE, although only Verbal Memory and Object Naming independently predicted level of functional ability. Verbal Memory was the strongest predictor of functional status, accounting for 23% of the variance in the IQCODE. White matter hyperintensity was also independently related to the IQCODE, accounting for 18% of the variance. Hippocampal volume was related to the IQCODE in a simple bivariate analysis, but was not an independent predictor of reported functional status after controlling for age. The relationships between cognitive variables and functional status, as well as between the imaging variables and the IQCODE, did not differ across language-ethnic groups.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Everyday functioning in relation to cognitive functioning and neuroimaging in community-dwelling Hispanic and Non-Hispanic older adults

Farias

Mungas

Reed

et al. 2004

J. Inter. Neuropsych. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Future studies are needed to examine the relationship between mental rotation and its cognitive mechanisms across a larger group of persons with HIV infection with a broader range of disease characteristics. Further examination of spatial cognition in HIV may also lead to enhancements in the detection of problems in everyday functioning (e.g., driving), as has been shown in older adults {e.g., 34 } and clinical populations, including Parkinson's disease {e.g., 35}. Bar chart displaying the significant interaction between mental rotation tasks (parallelograms and hands) and HIV serostatus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Rotation of Hands in HIV Infection: Neuropsychological Evidence of Dysfunction in Fronto-Striato-Parietal Networks

Weber¹,

Woods²,

Cameron³

et al. 2010

Journal of Neuropsychiatry

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Mental rotation, the ability to manipulate three-dimensional objects in space, is a widely-studied and neurally-complex aspect of spatial cognition that has been largely ignored in the HIV literature. The present study reports evidence of a significant interaction between HIV serostatus and performance on mental rotation tasks, whereby individuals with HIV (n = 19) committed a greater number of errors than demographically similar seronegative persons (n = 15) on Luria's {1} hand rotation task (d = 0.74, p < 0.05), but not on the corresponding parallelogram rotation task (p > .10). Hand rotation errors were associated with worse performance on measures of executive functions and working memory, but not with measures of visuoperception. Considered in the context of the preferential frontostriatal neuropathology of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, these preliminary findings suggest that the observed deficit in the mental rotation of hands may arise from a disrupted fronto-striato-parietal network. KeywordsHIV; AIDS; spatial ability; neuropsychological assessment; executive functions Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) often leads to neuropathology, which is diffusely distributed throughout brain parenchyma, but is commonly believed to preferentially disrupt the structure and function of frontostriatal and temporolimbic systems {2}. Understandably, the vast majority of neuropsychological research in HIV has therefore been centered on constructs of direct relevance to these neural systems (e.g., executive functions, working memory, motor skills, and episodic memory). However, very little is currently known about the nature and extent of deficits in spatial cognition in persons living with HIV infection. Spatial cognition refers to the ability to detect, understand, manipulate, and integrate visual stimuli in the context of its environment. Although spatial cognition is primarily linked to the integrity of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC), optimally functioning parieto-striato-cortical pathways are also needed for the integration of visual input {e.g., 3}, as observed in patients with frontostriatal pathology (e.g., Parkinson's disease) {4}. Considering that frontostriatal dysfunction is considered a hallmark of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, this overlap suggests that research regarding spatial cognition may in fact be relevant to the neuropsychology of HIV. Early studies of spatial cognition in HIV included limited batteries and did not find much evidence of impairment {e.g., 5,6}, leading to a temporary neglect of this thread of research. However, recent meta-analyses have produced mixed results regarding the effect to which spatial abilities are affected by HIV infection {e.g., 7,8}, suggesting that there may be a signal worthy of further examination. Indeed, a closer review of the HIV literature explores the frontostriatal components of this construct, indicating that subtler differences may exist in the distinct subcategories of spatial cognition (e.g., visuoconstru...

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“…Likewise, there are also some weaknesses associated with the use of performance-based measures. Nonetheless, there is an important difference between performing an activity proposed by a rater-facilitator in an outpatient setting versus the spontaneous behavior while performing some activities of daily living in the home environment 22 . Finally, once adopted as the instrument to be tested (or a "gold standard" measure) for the present research, PADL results presented here have shown an accurate correlation with cognitive tests that are reliable in the neuropsychological evaluation of patients in moderate and severe stages of AD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there correlation between cognition and functionality in severe dementia? The value of a performance-based ecological assessment for Alzheimer’s disease

Wajman

Oliveira

Marin

et al. 2014

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Objective: Besides significant cognitive decline, patients in later stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) also present global functional impairment, usually reported by their caregivers. This study searched for preserved activities of daily living by investigating correlations among specific instruments for severe dementia with a performance-based functional scale. Method: A sample of 95 moderate to severe AD patients and their caregivers underwent a neuropsychological battery consisting of screening tools, the Functional Assessment Staging Test (FAST), the Severe Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSEsev) and a performance-based ecological scale, the Performance Test of Activities of Daily Living (PADL). Results: Consistent findings emerged from the comparisons among tests. PADL showed significant statistical correlation with MMSEsev (r,0.001), according to FAST subdivisions. Conclusion: Upon suspicion of unreliable caregiver reports, ecological scales may be useful for disease staging. Variable degrees of functionality and cognition may be present even in later stages of AD, requiring proper assessment.Keywords: Alzheimer disease, neuropsychology, activities of daily living. RESUMOObjetivo: Além do significativo declínio cognitivo, pacientes em estágios avançados da doença de Alzheimer (DA) também apresentam prejuízo funcional global. Este estudo investigou atividades de vida diária correlacionando teste específico para a demência grave, com escala funcional baseada no desempenho. Método: 95 pacientes com DA foram submetidos a uma bateria neuropsicológica composta por instrumentos de rastreio, a escala Functional Assessment Staging Test (FAST), o Mini-exame do Estado Mental grave (MEEMg) e escala ecológica baseada no desempenho: a Performance Test of Activities of Daily Living (PADL). Resultados: Achados consistentes emergiram da comparação entre os instrumentos. De acordo com as subdivisões da escala FAST, a PADL apresentou significativa correlação estatística com o MEEMg (r,0.001). Conclusão: Na suspeita de relato pouco confiável por parte do cuidador, escalas ecológicas podem ser úteis no estadiamento da doença. Igualmente à cognição, variados graus de funcionalidade estão presentes mesmo em fases avançadas da DA, exigindo avaliação adequada.Palavras-chave: doença de Alzheimer, neuropsicologia, atividades de vida diária.Dementias are a worldwide burden to public health systems. Given the demographic changes with a global aging trend ( faster in developing countries), estimates on the rising prevalence of these disorders are discouraging, considering associated costs in primary, secondary and tertiary levels of care . As suggested by current guidelines 2 , the progressive course of dementia might be classified in three main stages: mild -there is still some aptitude for independent life, despite the impact on instrumental activities of daily living; moderate -the abilities for independent living are limited and supervision is needed in many activities; severerestricted independence for all activities, incl...

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Neuropsychologic prediction of performance measures of daily living skills in geriatric patients.

Cited by 71 publications

References 18 publications

Everyday functioning in relation to cognitive functioning and neuroimaging in community-dwelling Hispanic and Non-Hispanic older adults

Everyday functioning in relation to cognitive functioning and neuroimaging in community-dwelling Hispanic and Non-Hispanic older adults

Mental Rotation of Hands in HIV Infection: Neuropsychological Evidence of Dysfunction in Fronto-Striato-Parietal Networks

Is there correlation between cognition and functionality in severe dementia? The value of a performance-based ecological assessment for Alzheimer’s disease

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