Neuropsychiatric symptoms in the dementias

Assal, Frédéric; Cummings, Jeffrey L.

doi:10.1097/00132980-200302010-00005

Cited by 61 publications

(82 citation statements)

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“…A possible interpretation of the reduced explorative behaviour during working memory evaluation is that soluble Ab, before the appearance of cognitive impairments, might induce motivational deficits. Accordingly, others have reported that noncognitive symptoms often accompany behavioural changes in AD (Assal and Cummings, 2002;Egashira et al, 2005). Interestingly, we found that soluble Ab significantly affected rat behaviour when they were placed in a cylinder of water, during the FST, a method for inducing a behavioural state resembling depression in rats by exposing them to a mildly aversive situation from which there is no possibility of escape (Porsolt et al, 1977).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Soluble βamyloid_1‐42: a critical player in producing behavioural and biochemical changes evoking depressive‐related state?

Colaianna

Tucci

Zotti

et al. 2010

British J Pharmacology

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Background and purpose: Depression is common in early phases of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may represent prodromal symptoms of dementia. Recent reports suggest that early memory deficits and neuropsychiatric symptoms are caused by soluble rather than aggregated bamyloid (Ab). Thus, we investigated the effects of soluble Ab1-42 on working memory and depressive/anxiety-related behaviour in rats and on 5-hydroxytryptaminergic neurotransmission and neurotrophin content in various brain regions. Experimental approach: Behavioural reactivity to novel object recognition, open field, elevated plus maze and forced swimming test were assessed 7 days after i.c.v. injection of Ab1-42 or its vehicle. BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) and NGF (nerve growth factor) mRNA and protein levels and 5-hydroxytriptamine (5-HT) content were measured in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), striatum (STR) and nucleus accumbens (NAc). Key results: Ab1-42 did not affect the ability to distinguish between familiar and novel objects, but Ab-treated rats exhibited an increase in forced swimming immobility. No differences were revealed between experimental groups in the elevated plus maze test or in self-grooming (evaluated in the open field). In the PFC, but not STR or NAc, Ab-injected rats exhibited a selective reduction in 5-HT content, BDNF and NGF expression. Conclusions and implications: Our data suggest that soluble Ab-treated rats have a depressive, but not anxiogenic-like, profile, accompanied by brain region-dependent alterations in the expression of neurotrophins and 5-hydroxytryptaminergic neurotransmission. Hence, these alterations induced by soluble Ab might be sensitive indicators of early phases of AD and possible risk factors for the expression of neuropsychiatric symptoms in AD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Soluble βamyloid_1‐42: a critical player in producing behavioural and biochemical changes evoking depressive‐related state?

Colaianna

Tucci

Zotti

et al. 2010

British J Pharmacology

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“…Some cognitive and noncognitive aspects of Alzheimer's disease arise from the dysfunction of the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems rather than the cholinergic systems (Assal and Cummings, 2002;Erkinjuntti, 2002). Acetylcholine, or its hydrolysis product choline, would activate presynaptic nAChRs, leading to a Ca 2 + -dependent enhancement of dopamine release (Turner, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Allosteric Potentiation of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors by Galantamine Ameliorates the Cognitive Dysfunction in Beta Amyloid25–35 I.c.v.-Injected Mice: Involvement of Dopaminergic Systems

Wang

Noda

Zhou

et al. 2006

Neuropsychopharmacol

124

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Galantamine, a drug for Alzheimer's disease, is a novel cholinergic agent with a dual mode of action, which inhibits acetylcholinesterase and allosterically modulates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), as a result stimulates catecholamine neurotransmission. In the present study, we investigated whether galantamine exerts cognitive improving effects through the allosteric modulation of nAChR in the intracerebroventricular beta amyloid (Ab) 25À35 -injected animal model of Alzheimer's disease. Galantamine (3 mg/kg p.o.) significantly increased the extracellular dopamine release in the hippocampus of saline-and Ab 25À35 -injected mice. The effects of nicotine on the extracellular dopamine release were potentiated by galantamine, but antagonized by mecamylamine, a nAChR antagonist. Ab 25À35 -injected mice, compared with saline-injected mice, could not discriminate between new and familiar objects in the novel object recognition test and exhibited less freezing response in the fear-conditioning tasks, suggesting Ab 25À35 induced cognitive impairment. Galantamine improved the Ab 25À35 -induced cognitive impairment in the novel object recognition and fear-conditioning tasks. These improving effects of galantamine were blocked by the treatment with mecamylamine, SCH-23390, a dopamine-D1 receptor antagonist, and sulpiride, a dopamine-D2 receptor antagonist, but not by scopolamine, a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. This study provides the first in vivo evidence that galantamine augments dopaminergic neurotransmission within the hippocampus through the allosteric potentiation of nAChRs. The improving-effects of galantamine on the Ab 25À35 -induced cognitive impairment may be mediated through the activation of, at least in part, dopaminergic systems, and the enhancement of dopamine release may be one of multiple mechanisms underlying the therapeutic benefit of galantamine.

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“…En la EA los delirios lúcidos son frecuentes, se presentan hasta en el 30 o 40% de los casos (9) . Entre ellos, destacan los delirios paranoides y las celotipias; las alucinaciones son menos frecuentes (10) .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Sin embargo, Ellis y Lewis citan un caso en que un paciente creía que su padre era un impostor cuando lo enfrentaba, pero no al hablar con él por teléfono (3) . Con respecto a la edad y sexo de nuestros casos, podemos citar a Hirono que dice que en su experiencia (reconociendo que otros autores no concuerdan con él) la edad avanzada y el sexo femenino, además de la duración de la demencia, aumentan el riesgo de que exista un cuadro psicótico (8) .En la EA los delirios lúcidos son frecuentes, se presentan hasta en el 30 o 40% de los casos (9) . Entre ellos, destacan los delirios paranoides y las celotipias; las alucinaciones son menos frecuentes (10) .…”

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Síndrome de Capgras en enfermedad de Alzheimer: Presentación de 2 casos

2005

Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr.

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Introducciónl síndrome de Capgras (SC) fue descrito en 1923 por Jean Marie Capgras y J. ReboulLachaux, en una paciente de 53 años con una psicosis crónica, que tenía la convicción delirante de que su esposo e hijos (y luego otras personas) habían sido suplantados con el fin de perjudicarla. Además decía que había varios duplicados de sí misma. Un año después Capgras presentó un segundo caso. Desde entonces ha sido descrito en múltiples patologías: generalmente en esquizofrenia, pero también en déficit de vitamina B12, Síndrome de Capgras en enfermedad de Alzheimer: Presentación de 2 casosCapgras syndrome in Alzheimer's disease: Two cases Archibaldo Donoso S. y María Isabel Behrens P. (1,2) . Este síndrome se ha clasificado entre los delirios de falsa identificación, junto al síndrome de Fregoli (creer que un extraño es, en realidad, alguien familiar) y la intermetamorfosis (creer que personas conocidas han intercambiado sus identidades). Se han citado casos excepcionales, catalogados como SC, en que lo sustituido es un animal regalón o incluso un objeto (3) . Recientemente se ha contrastado con la prosopagnosia, en la cual no se identifican los rostros !& www.sonepsyn.cl pero se conserva una evaluación implícita y la respuesta emocional a las caras familiares (4,5) . En el SC, en cambio, se puede reconocer la cara pero no se tiene la vivencia emocional de familiaridad y se concluye que se trata de un impostor. Two cases Capgras syndrome (CS) are presented in women withPara establecer estos diagnósticos es preciso que no exista compromiso de conciencia ni una demencia severa, ya que en esas condiciones los errores en el reconocimiento son frecuentes, variables y banales. En la enfermedad de Alzheimer avanzada los errores de identificación son frecuentes: el paciente cree que quien lo cuida es su madre, que el hijo es el esposo o incluso el padre. Sin embargo, en las etapas previas son muy poco frecuentes. Mendez publicó brevemente varios casos de mala identificación en pacientes con probable enfermedad de Alzheimer, incluyendo casos con SC (6) . Nosotros hemos observado sólo dos casos que queremos comunicar para luego discutir brevemente algunos aspectos del reconocimiento del rostro, que Ellis y Lewis han revisado recientemente (3) . Casos ClínicosCaso 1. N, mujer de 81 años, 12 años de escolaridad, pianista, previamente sana, casada con 2 hijas, vivía con su esposo R. Fue controlada en varias ocasiones durante 1991. Su enfermedad se había iniciado 5 ó 6 años antes, con olvidos; se le había indicado ácido acetilsalicílico y codergocrina. Sus fallas de memoria fueron lentamente progresivas, y cuando fue evaluada estaba vigil, atingente, pero desorientada.El examen neurológico habitual era normal; estaba tranquila con ocasional ansiedad y colaboraba al examen a pesar de su anosognosia. Recordaba al presidente actual pero no al anterior; fue incapaz de retener el nombre del examinador y evocó sólo 3 nombres de animales en 60 segundos. Su lenguaje era fluente, sin disartria ni defectos gramaticales, con discreta d...

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Neuropsychiatric symptoms in the dementias

Cited by 61 publications

References 0 publications

Soluble βamyloid_1‐42: a critical player in producing behavioural and biochemical changes evoking depressive‐related state?

Soluble βamyloid_1‐42: a critical player in producing behavioural and biochemical changes evoking depressive‐related state?

The Allosteric Potentiation of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors by Galantamine Ameliorates the Cognitive Dysfunction in Beta Amyloid25–35 I.c.v.-Injected Mice: Involvement of Dopaminergic Systems

Síndrome de Capgras en enfermedad de Alzheimer: Presentación de 2 casos

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Neuropsychiatric symptoms in the dementias

Cited by 61 publications

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Soluble βamyloid1‐42: a critical player in producing behavioural and biochemical changes evoking depressive‐related state?

Soluble βamyloid1‐42: a critical player in producing behavioural and biochemical changes evoking depressive‐related state?

The Allosteric Potentiation of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors by Galantamine Ameliorates the Cognitive Dysfunction in Beta Amyloid25–35 I.c.v.-Injected Mice: Involvement of Dopaminergic Systems

Síndrome de Capgras en enfermedad de Alzheimer: Presentación de 2 casos

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Soluble βamyloid_1‐42: a critical player in producing behavioural and biochemical changes evoking depressive‐related state?

Soluble βamyloid_1‐42: a critical player in producing behavioural and biochemical changes evoking depressive‐related state?