Neuroprotective effects of exercise in rodent models of memory deficit and Alzheimer's

Jahangiri, Zahra; Gholamnezhad, Zahra; Hosseini, Mahmoud

doi:10.1007/s11011-018-0343-y

Cited by 37 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…The beneficial effects of regular physical activity on the brain function and central nervous system (CNS) adaptations by increasing neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity and long-term potentiation (LTP) in rodents have been previously demonstrated. These biochemical and structural effects may improve performance in behavioral tests, especially learning and memory in rodents [37]. In our study, there were no significant differences between the parameters of the MWM and PA tests of the animals in the MT group compared to the control group.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

The effects of moderate exercise and overtraining on learning and memory, hippocampal inflammatory cytokine levels, and brain oxidative stress markers in rats

et al. 2019

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To investigate the exercise intensity effects on rats' memory and learning, animals were divided into control, moderate training (MT), and overtraining (OT) groups. At training last week, learning and memory was assessed using Morris water maze (MWM) and passive avoidance (PA) tests. Finally, the rat's brains were removed for evaluating oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. Overtraining impaired animal's performance in MWM and PA tests. In MT group, hippocampal levels of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased, and thiol contents in hippocampal and cortical tissues decreased compared to control. In OT group, tumor necrosis factor α, IL-1β, and C-reactive protein hippocampal levels increased, MDA and nitric oxide metabolite in hippocampal and cortical tissues increased, thiol contents, catalase and superoxide dismutase activity in hippocampal and cortical tissues decreased compared to control and MT groups. Overtraining might lead to learning and memory impairment by increasing the inflammatory cytokine and oxidative stress markers.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

The effects of moderate exercise and overtraining on learning and memory, hippocampal inflammatory cytokine levels, and brain oxidative stress markers in rats

et al. 2019

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“…Some studies, on the other hand, have not reported EE- or exercise-dependent alterations in GFAP protein in cortex, DG, or thalamus of 5xFAD mice, whereas the GFAP mRNA level was significantly upregulated [ 16 ]. In a recent review focusing on neuroprotection in AD, increased astrocytic GFAP was mentioned as one of the neuromodulatory effects of physical exercise [ 70 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astrocyte remodeling in the beneficial effects of long-term voluntary exercise in Alzheimer’s disease

Belaya

Ivanovа

Sorvari

et al. 2020

J Neuroinflammation

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Background Increased physical exercise improves cognitive function and reduces pathology associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise in AD on the level of specific brain cell types remain poorly investigated. The involvement of astrocytes in AD pathology is widely described, but their exact role in exercise-mediated neuroprotection warrant further investigation. Here, we investigated the effect of long-term voluntary physical exercise on the modulation of the astrocyte state. Methods Male 5xFAD mice and their wild-type littermates had free access to a running wheel from 1.5 to 7 months of age. A battery of behavioral tests was used to assess the effects of voluntary exercise on cognition and learning. Neuronal loss, impairment in neurogenesis, beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition, and inflammation were evaluated using a variety of histological and biochemical measurements. Sophisticated morphological analyses were performed to delineate the specific involvement of astrocytes in exercise-induced neuroprotection in the 5xFAD mice. Results Long-term voluntary physical exercise reversed cognitive impairment in 7-month-old 5xFAD mice without affecting neurogenesis, neuronal loss, Aβ plaque deposition, or microglia activation. Exercise increased glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity and the number of GFAP-positive astrocytes in 5xFAD hippocampi. GFAP-positive astrocytes in hippocampi of the exercised 5xFAD mice displayed increases in the numbers of primary branches and in the soma area. In general, astrocytes distant from Aβ plaques were smaller in size and possessed simplified processes in comparison to plaque-associated GFAP-positive astrocytes. Morphological alterations of GFAP-positive astrocytes occurred concomitantly with increased astrocytic brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and restoration of postsynaptic protein PSD-95. Conclusions Voluntary physical exercise modulates the reactive astrocyte state, which could be linked via astrocytic BDNF and PSD-95 to improved cognition in 5xFAD hippocampi. The molecular pathways involved in this modulation could potentially be targeted for benefit against AD.

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“…Many exercise training studies have been employed using a variety of animal models of diseases that include HF, 164,173,174 diabetes 175,176 and neurodegenerative diseases. 177 Beside the classical animal models (mouse and rat) used to analyse the effect of exercise training on molecular and physiological parameters, other species have been used more recently such as drosophila and zebrafish. [178][179][180][181] Exercise training in drosophila results in improvements of physiological and molecular measures, which include enhanced climbing speed, flight performance, aconitase levels and cardiac contractility.…”

Section: Sense and Nonsense Of Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a personalised approach in exercise-based cardiovascular rehabilitation: How can translational research help? A ‘call to action’ from the Section on Secondary Prevention and Cardiac Rehabilitation of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology

Gevaert

Adams

Bahls

et al. 2019

Eur J Prev Cardiolog

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The benefit of regular physical activity and exercise training for the prevention of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases is undisputed. Many molecular mechanisms mediating exercise effects have been deciphered. Personalised exercise prescription can help patients in achieving their individual greatest benefit from an exercise-based cardiovascular rehabilitation programme. Yet, we still struggle to provide truly personalised exercise prescriptions to our patients. In this position paper, we address novel basic and translational research concepts that can help us understand the principles underlying the inter-individual differences in the response to exercise, and identify early on who would most likely benefit from which exercise intervention. This includes hereditary, non-hereditary and sex-specific concepts. Recent insights have helped us to take on a more holistic view, integrating exercise-mediated molecular mechanisms with those influenced by metabolism and immunity. Unfortunately, while the outline is recognisable, many details are still lacking to turn the understanding of a concept into a roadmap ready to be used in clinical routine. This position paper therefore also investigates perspectives on how the advent of ‘big data’ and the use of animal models could help unravel inter-individual responses to exercise parameters and thus influence hypothesis-building for translational research in exercise-based cardiovascular rehabilitation.

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Neuroprotective effects of exercise in rodent models of memory deficit and Alzheimer's

Cited by 37 publications

References 106 publications

The effects of moderate exercise and overtraining on learning and memory, hippocampal inflammatory cytokine levels, and brain oxidative stress markers in rats

The effects of moderate exercise and overtraining on learning and memory, hippocampal inflammatory cytokine levels, and brain oxidative stress markers in rats

Astrocyte remodeling in the beneficial effects of long-term voluntary exercise in Alzheimer’s disease

Towards a personalised approach in exercise-based cardiovascular rehabilitation: How can translational research help? A ‘call to action’ from the Section on Secondary Prevention and Cardiac Rehabilitation of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology

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