Neuroprotective Effects of Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1067 in MPTP-Induced Mouse Models of Parkinson’s Disease

Abstract

There is mounting evidence that the microbiota–gut–brain axis (MGBA) is critical in the pathogenesis and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD), suggesting that probiotic therapy restoring gut microecology may slow down disease progression. In this study, we examined the disease-alleviating effects of Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1067, orally administered for 5 weeks in a PD mouse model. Our study shows that supplementation with the probiotic B. breve CCFM1067 protected dopaminergic neurons and suppressed glial cell hyperactivation and neuroinflammation in PD mice. In addition, the antioxidant capacity of the central nervous system was enhanced and oxidative stress was alleviated. Moreover, B. breve CCFM1067 protected the blood–brain and intestinal barriers from damage in the MPTP-induced mouse model. The results of fecal microbiota analysis showed that B. breve CCFM1067 intervention could act on the MPTP-induced microecological imbalance in the intestinal microbiota, suppressing the number of pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia-Shigella) while increasing the number of beneficial bacteria (Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia) in PD mice. In addition, the increase in short chain fatty acids (acetic and butyric acids) may explain the anti-inflammatory action of B. breve CCFM1067 in the gut or brain of the MPTP-induced PD mouse model. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the probiotic B. breve CCFM1067, which can prevent or treat PD by modulating the gut–brain axis, can be utilized as a possible new oral supplement for PD therapy.

Bifidobacterium breve HNXY26M4 Attenuates Cognitive Deficits and Neuroinflammation by Regulating the Gut–Brain Axis in APP/PS1 Mice

“…14,25 Moreover, the beneficial effect of probiotic interventions on cognition in other neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders has been demonstrated. 12,13 These expanding evidences promoted the proposal of psychobiotics, a class of probiotics that produce and deliver neuroactive substances to benefit patients with neurodegenerative diseases by acting on gut−brain axis. 11 In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of the probiotic strain B. breve HNXY26M4 on APP/PS1 mice.…”

“…Consistent with these literatures, − aged APP/PS1 mice exhibited a series of AD-like symptoms, such as learning and memory deficits, Aβ deposition, inflammation, and oxidative damage in the brain, as compared with age-matched WT mice. Many studies have highlighted that probiotic interventions improve cognition and alleviate neuroinflammation in humans and other animals. , Moreover, the beneficial effect of probiotic interventions on cognition in other neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders has been demonstrated. , These expanding evidences promoted the proposal of psychobiotics, a class of probiotics that produce and deliver neuroactive substances to benefit patients with neurodegenerative diseases by acting on gut–brain axis . In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of the probiotic strain B.…”

“…As a key node of gut–brain axis, gut microbiota are increasingly associated with changes in factors relevant to neurotransmission and complex cognitive behaviors. , Several animal and clinical studies have provided direct or indirect evidence of the critical role of gut microbiota in the development of AD. − Moreover, these studies have highlighted the role of the gut microbiome in mediating susceptibility to AD and attenuating cognitive and behavioral deficits. Psychobiotics are a class of probiotics that produce and deliver neuroactive substances that can benefit patients with neurodegenerative diseases by acting on the gut–brain axis. , In the past decade, the beneficial effects of probiotic intervention on the cognition of patients with different types of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders, such as AD, depression, and Parkinson’s disease, have been described. − According to mechanistic investigations, a key gut–brain signaling mechanism that underpins the effects of psychobiotics is the regulated production of microbial metabolites, especially the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and amino acids. , …”

Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM405 against Rotenone-Induced Parkinson’s Disease Mice via Regulating Gut Microbiota and Branched-Chain Amino Acids Biosynthesis

“…Notably, L. plantarum CCFM405 reversed this tendency, which was consistent with alterations in the gut microbiota of mice fed CMC-Na+Saline. However, MPTP treatment markedly reduced gut microbiota diversity [ 22 , 51 ], which is inconsistent with the results of patients with PD. Herein, L. plantarum CCFM405 intake was observed to elevate the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium , Turicibacter , and Faecalibaculum , while reducing the relative abundance of Alistipes , Bilophila , Akkermansia , and Escherichia-Shigella ( Figure 7 ).…”

“…Consistent with our results, the genera Alistipes were the major enriched components in patients with PD [ 67 ]. Likely, Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1067 reduced the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella [ 51 ].…”