Neuroprotective Effect of Polyphenol Extracts from Terminalia chebula Retz. against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Lin, Kuan; Zhou, Mei; Leng, Changlong; Tao, Xiaoqing; Zhou, Rong; Li, Youwei; Sun, Binlian; Shu, Xiji; Liu, Wei

doi:10.3390/molecules27196449

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…, 3GS (4), PUN (5 and 5 ′ ), COR (6), TGG (7), CHI (8), UM5 (9), CHG (10), CHN (11), and EA (12). *, the optimal extraction solvent, solid-liquid ratio, ultrasonic time, and ultrasonic temperature.…”

Section: Optimization and Methodological Validation Of The Quantitati...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tomentella Kurt [1], which is an umbrella medium-sized deciduous tree from the Combretaceae family which is widely distributed in China, India, Myanmar, and other Asian countries [2]. CF is recognized as the "king of medicine" in Tibetan medicine and a top-listed herb in Ayurvedic Materia Medica [3,4], possessing extraordinary bioactivities, such as antioxidant [5], hepatoprotective [6], neuroprotective [7], antimicrobial [8], and anti-diabetic activities [9]. CF's health benefits rely on its intrinsic diverse phytochemicals, as exemplified by polyphenols including tannins [10], phenolcarboxylic acids, terpenoids, and flavonoids [11], among which the dominant constituent is hydrolyzable tannins (HTs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on Quality Characteristic of Chebulae Fructus and Its Adulterants and Degradation Pathway of Hydrolyzable Tannins

Xu,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Chebulae Fructus (CF) is known as one of the richest sources of hydrolyzable tannins (HTs). In this study, ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array detector method was established for simultaneous determination of the 12 common phenolcarboxylic and tannic constituents (PTCs). Using this method, quantitative analysis was accomplished in CF and other four adulterants, including Terminaliae Belliricae Fructus, Phyllanthi Fructus, Chebulae Fructus Immaturus, and Canarii Fructus. Based on a quantitative analysis of the focused compounds, discrimination of CF and other four adulterants was successfully accomplished by hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Additionally, the total contents of the 12 compounds that we focused on in this study were unveiled as 148.86 mg/g, 96.14 mg/g, and 18.64 mg/g in exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp and seed of CF, respectively, and PTCs were witnessed to be the most abundant in the exocarp of CF. Noticeably, the HTs (chebulagic acid, chebulanin acid, chebulinic acid, and punicalagin) were observed to be ultimately degraded to chebulic acid, gallic acid, and ellagic acid during sunlight-drying of the fresh fruits. As a result, our study indicated that CF and its adulterants could be distinguished by the observed 12 PTCs, which were mainly distributed in the exocarp of the fruits. The HTs were prone to degrade into the three simple phenolcarboxylic acids during drying or processing, allowing us to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the PTCs, with great significance in the improved quality of CF and related products.

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Section: Optimization and Methodological Validation Of The Quantitati...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Quality Characteristic of Chebulae Fructus and Its Adulterants and Degradation Pathway of Hydrolyzable Tannins

Xu,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Molecules

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“…By modeling the I/R injury of male Wistar rats (48), it was found that the treatment of GSP reduced the size of cerebral infarct and clearly improved both behavioral and overall activities of rats as it allowed to restore rearing and crossing scores to near control level. Another study demonstrated that the TPE and TPB alleviated the reduction of antioxidant enzyme activity in cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury, and exerted protective effects in MCAO mice by inhibiting apoptosis and stimulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway (21). Geraniin can reduce brain I/R damage by inhibiting oxidative stress (22).…”

Section: In Vivo Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pretreatment with GSP can efficiently prevent the cells from almost all inflammatory factors. Another experiment identified the main biological activity of TPE and TPB by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as phenolic acids after grading and purification of crude extracts (21). It was found that TPE and TPB facilitated the translocation of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) to the nucleus and enhanced Nrf2 expression in the nucleus, restored OGD/R-induced oxidative damage in BV2 microglial cells.…”

Section: In Vitro Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenols: Natural food grade biomolecules for treating neurodegenerative diseases from a multi-target perspective

Zhao²,

Shi³

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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As natural functional bioactive ingredients found in foods and plants, polyphenols play various antioxidant and anti-inflammatory roles to prevent the development of disease and restore human health. The multi-target modulation of polyphenols provides a novel practical therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases that are difficult to treat with traditional drugs like glutathione and cholinesterase inhibitors. This review mainly focuses on the efficacy of polyphenols on ischemic stroke, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, including in vivo and in vitro experimental studies. It is further emphasized that polyphenols exert neuroprotective effects primarily through inhibiting production of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines, which may be the underlying mechanism. However, polyphenols are still rarely used as medicines to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Due to the lack of clinical trials, the mechanism of polyphenols is still in the stage of insufficient exploration. Future large-scale multi-center randomized controlled trials and in-depth mechanism studies are still needed to fully assess the safety, efficacy and side effects of polyphenols.

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“…Although there are neuronal cell culture and hippocampal slice culture based systems that mimic chronic as well as acute hypoxia and evaluate the redox state, there is limited work on mimicking acute stress in microglia that focuses on imaging the mitochondrial Ca 2+ and redox status. On the other hand, there are several studies on microglial activation under ischemic stress in vivo. ,,, There are fewer cell-line-based studies on the ischemic model for microglia and investigation of molecular markers. ,− Numerous studies have used a standalone incubator with the O 2 control system to monitor the effects of hypoxic stress on cell proliferation or hypoxia markers in cell cultures (Supplementary Table S1). A standalone incubator-based hypoxia model was used in the study of Voelz et al to examine the effect of <0.1% O 2 environment on the expression of microRNA regulating proteins in the HMC-3 cell line.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Tracking of Intracellular Calcium and Redox State during Real-Time Control in a Hypoxic Gradient in Microglia Culture: Comparison of the Channel Blocker and Reoxygenation under Ischemic Shock

Dhyani

Kumar

Manne

et al. 2023

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

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Real-time three-dimensional (3-D) imaging is crucial for quantifying correlations among various molecules under acute ischemic stroke. Insights into such correlations may be decisive in selecting molecules capable of providing a protective effect within a shorter period. The major bottleneck is maintaining the cultures under severely hypoxic conditions while simultaneously 3-D imaging intracellular organelles with a microscope. Moreover, comparing the protective effect of drugs and reoxygenation remains challenging. To address this, we propose a novel workflow for the induction of gas-environment-based hypoxia in the HMC-3 cells along with 3-D imaging using laser-scanning-confocal microscopy. The imaging framework is complemented with a pipeline for quantifying time-lapse videos and cell-state classification. First, we show an imaging-based assessment of the in vitro model for hypoxia using a steep gradient in O 2 with time. Second, we demonstrate the correlation between mitochondrial superoxide production and cytosolic calcium under acute hypoxia. We then test the efficacy of an L-type calcium channel blocker, compare the results with reoxygenation, and show that the blocker alleviates hypoxic conditions in terms of cytosolic calcium and viability within an acute window of one hour. Furthermore, we show that the drug reduces the expression of oxidative stress markers (HIF1A and OXR1) within the same time window. In the future, this model can also be used to investigate drug toxicity and efficacy under ischemic conditions.

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Neuroprotective Effect of Polyphenol Extracts from Terminalia chebula Retz. against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Cited by 8 publications

References 44 publications

Study on Quality Characteristic of Chebulae Fructus and Its Adulterants and Degradation Pathway of Hydrolyzable Tannins

Study on Quality Characteristic of Chebulae Fructus and Its Adulterants and Degradation Pathway of Hydrolyzable Tannins

Polyphenols: Natural food grade biomolecules for treating neurodegenerative diseases from a multi-target perspective

Three-Dimensional Tracking of Intracellular Calcium and Redox State during Real-Time Control in a Hypoxic Gradient in Microglia Culture: Comparison of the Channel Blocker and Reoxygenation under Ischemic Shock

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