Neuroprotective Effect of Physical Activity in Ischemic Stroke: Focus on the Neurovascular Unit

Zhang, Hui; Xie, Qi; Hu, Juan

doi:10.3389/fncel.2022.860573

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 130 publications

(136 reference statements)

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“…Importantly, HT is a well-known minor component found in extra-virgin olive oil that has an important physiological effect following ischemic damage such as neuroprotection [26][27][28][29][30][31]83]. Likewise, physical exercise has been related to higher neuronal survival following injury [84][85][86][87]. Cortical pyramidal neurons at layers V/VI are the main players not only for motor functions but also for integrating sensory inputs [88,89].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotection Afforded by an Enriched Mediterranean-like Diet Is Modified by Exercise in a Rat Male Model of Cerebral Ischemia

Romaus-Sanjurjo,

Castañón-Apilánez,

López-Arias

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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Ischemic stroke is an important cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Given that current treatments do not allow a remarkably better outcome in patients after stroke, it is mandatory to seek new approaches to preventing stroke and/or complementing the current treatments or ameliorating the ischemic insult. Multiple preclinical and clinical studies highlighted the potential beneficial roles of exercise and a Mediterranean diet following a stroke. Here, we investigated the effects of a pre-stroke Mediterranean-like diet supplemented with hydroxytyrosol and with/without physical exercise on male rats undergoing transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). We also assessed a potential synergistic effect with physical exercise. Our findings indicated that the diet reduced infarct and edema volumes, modulated acute immune response by altering cytokine and chemokine levels, decreased oxidative stress, and improved acute functional recovery post-ischemic injury. Interestingly, while physical exercise alone improved certain outcomes compared to control animals, it did not enhance, and in some aspects even impaired, the positive effects of the Mediterranean-like diet in the short term. Overall, these data provide the first preclinical evidence that a preemptive enriched Mediterranean diet modulates cytokines/chemokines levels downwards which eventually has an important role during the acute phase following ischemic damage, likely mediating neuroprotection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotection Afforded by an Enriched Mediterranean-like Diet Is Modified by Exercise in a Rat Male Model of Cerebral Ischemia

Romaus-Sanjurjo,

Castañón-Apilánez,

López-Arias

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Importantly, HT is a well-known minor component found in the extra-virgin olive oil that has an important physiological effect following ischemic damage such as neuroprotection [26][27][28][29][30][31]93]. Likewise, physical exercise has been related to higher neuronal survival following injury [94][95][96][97].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotection afforded by an enriched Mediterranean-like diet is modified by exercise in a rat model of cerebral ischemia

Romaus-Sanjurjo,

Castañón,

López-Arias

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Ischemic stroke is an important cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Given that current treatments do not allow a remarkable better outcome in patients after stroke, it is mandatory to seek new approaches preventing stroke and/or complementing the current treatments or ameliorating the ischemic insult. Multiple preclinical and clinical studies highlighted the potential beneficial roles of exercise and a Mediterranean diet following stroke. Here, we examined whether a Mediterranean-like diet supplemented with hydroxytyrosol with/without physical exercise enhances the good outcome of rats submitted to a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). We also assessed a potential synergistic effect with physical exercise. We found that an enriched Mediterranean-like diet decreased infarct/edema volumes, delayed acute immune response (modulates cytokines/chemokines levels) and increased acute functional recovery after ischemic injury. Strikingly, although physical exercise did improve cellular and some functional outcomes compared to control animals, it did not synergize with the Mediterranean-like diet but even impaired the positive short-term outcomes. Overall, these data provide the first preclinical evidence that an enriched Mediterranean diet mediates neuroprotection probably by the modulation of cytokines/chemokines levels downwards that eventually has an important role during the acute phase following ischemic damage.

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“…Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) act mainly on extracellular endopeptides and can digest proteins located outside the cell [ 49 ]. MMP-2 and MMP-9 damage the neurovascular unit and promote blood-brain barrier disruption [ 34 , 50 ]. Elevated serum MMP-9 levels during acute ischemic stroke are associated with an increased risk of death and major disability [ 51 ].…”

Section: Common Mechanisms Of Cerebral Injury In Ischemic Strokementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ischemic postconditioning and long non-coding RNAs in ischemic stroke

Zhu

Yin

et al. 2022

Bioengineered

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Stroke is a main cause of disability and death among adults in China, and acute ischemic stroke accounts for 80% of cases. The key to ischemic stroke treatment is to recanalize the blocked blood vessels. However, more than 90% of patients cannot receive effective treatment within an appropriate time, and delayed recanalization of blood vessels causes reperfusion injury. Recent research has revealed that ischemic postconditioning has a neuroprotective effect on the brain, but the mechanism has not been fully clarified. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have previously been associated with ischemic reperfusion injury in ischemic stroke. LncRNAs regulate important cellular and molecular events through a variety of mechanisms, but a comprehensive analysis of potential lncRNAs involved in the brain protection produced by ischemic postconditioning has not been conducted. In this review, we summarize the common mechanisms of cerebral injury in ischemic stroke and the effect of ischemic postconditioning, and we describe the potential mechanisms of some lncRNAs associated with ischemic stroke.

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Neuroprotective Effect of Physical Activity in Ischemic Stroke: Focus on the Neurovascular Unit

Cited by 6 publications

References 130 publications

Neuroprotection Afforded by an Enriched Mediterranean-like Diet Is Modified by Exercise in a Rat Male Model of Cerebral Ischemia

Neuroprotection Afforded by an Enriched Mediterranean-like Diet Is Modified by Exercise in a Rat Male Model of Cerebral Ischemia

Neuroprotection afforded by an enriched Mediterranean-like diet is modified by exercise in a rat model of cerebral ischemia

Effects of ischemic postconditioning and long non-coding RNAs in ischemic stroke

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