Neuroprotective effect of melatonin on radiation‐induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the brainstem of rats

Motallebzadeh, Elham; Tameh, Abolfazl Azami; Talaei, Sayyed Alireza; Farhood, Bagher; Aliasgharzedeh, Akbar; Mohseni, Mehran

doi:10.1002/jcp.29722

Cited by 31 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In another study, the ability of melatonin to ameliorate apoptosis and oxidative stress spurred by irradiation in Wistar rat brainstems was examined. The rats pre-treated with melatonin demonstrated a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and caspase-3 protein expression, along with an elevation of antioxidant enzymatic activity [ 60 ].…”

Section: Novel Evidence Supporting Melatonin As An Effective Theramentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin—A Potent Therapeutic for Stroke and Stroke-Related Dementia

et al. 2020

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Secreted by the pineal gland to regulate the circadian rhythm, melatonin is a powerful antioxidant that has been used to combat oxidative stress in the central nervous system. Melatonin-based therapies have been shown to provide neuroprotective effects in the setting of ischemic stroke by mitigating neuroinflammation and accelerating brain tissue restoration. Melatonin treatment includes injection of exogenous melatonin, pineal gland grafting and melatonin-mediated stem cell therapy. This review will discuss the current preclinical and clinical studies investigating melatonin-based therapeutics to treat stroke.

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Section: Novel Evidence Supporting Melatonin As An Effective Theramentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin—A Potent Therapeutic for Stroke and Stroke-Related Dementia

et al. 2020

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“…Phytochemicals are a group of non-nutrient bioactive compounds, widely found in many plants such as grains, vegetables, and fruits. Phytochemicals are often used to protect against the development of chronic disorders, such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and cardiovascular disease (10,11). Various studies have evaluated the chemopreventive activity of phytochemicals in GI tumors, and have shed light on their potential protective mechanisms against cancer (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coumarins and Gastrointestinal Cancer: A New Therapeutic Option?

et al. 2021

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Cancers of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are often life-threatening malignancies, which can be a severe burden to the health care system. Globally, the mortality rate from gastrointestinal tumors has been increasing due to the lack of adequate diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic measures to combat these tumors. Coumarin is a natural product with remarkable antitumor activity, and it is widely found in various natural plant sources. Researchers have explored coumarin and its related derivatives to investigate their antitumor activity, and the potential molecular mechanisms involved. These mechanisms include hormone antagonists, alkylating agents, inhibitors of angiogenesis, inhibitors of topoisomerase, inducers of apoptosis, agents with antimitotic activity, telomerase inhibitors, inhibitors of human carbonic anhydrase, as well as other potential mechanisms. Consequently, drug design and discovery scientists and medicinal chemists have collaborated to identify new coumarin-related agents in order to produce more effective antitumor drugs against GI cancers. Herein, we summarize the therapeutic effects of coumarin and its derivatives against GI cancer.

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“…[ 28 29 ] The radioprotective effects of melatonin have been studied by some researchers. [ 30 31 32 33 ] It has various antioxidative, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties and can alleviate radiation-induced damages. [ 34 ] Melatonin exerts antioxidative properties through two various mechanisms (direct and indirect pathways).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The radioprotective effects of melatonin and nanoselenium on DNA double-strand breaks in peripheral lymphocytes caused by I-131

et al. 2021

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Background: One of the treatment modalities for thyroid cancer and hyperthyroidism is radioiodine-131 (I-131) therapy. The use of this therapeutic modality is not completely safe and can lead to oxidative stress, eventually DNA damages. However, these radiation-induced damages can be reduced by antioxidants. This study aimed to investigate the potential radioprotective effects of melatonin and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) on DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) caused by I-131. Materials and Methods: After obtaining informed consent, 6 ml blood was taken from each volunteer. The samples were divided into two general groups of control (without I-131) and with I-131. Each group was also divided into three subgroups, including without antioxidant, melatonin, and SeNPs. The samples of control group were incubated for 2 h after adding the antioxidants. The samples of I-131 group were first incubated for 1 h with the antioxidants and then the samples re-incubated for another 1 h after adding the I-131. Then, the samples were prepared for γH2AX assay. Results: The findings showed that after 1 h of incubation with 20 μCi I-131/2 mL, the DSB levels increased by 102.9% in comparison with the control group. In the I-131 group, there were significant reductions of the DSB levels after incubation with melatonin ( P < 0.001) and SeNPs ( P < 0.001) in comparison with the without antioxidant subgroup. Furthermore, the DSB levels at the melatonin + I-131 and the SeNPs + I-131 subgroups decreased to 38% and 30%, respectively, compared to the I-131 subgroup. Conclusion: According to the obtained findings, it can be concluded that the use of melatonin and SeNPs (as radioprotector agents) can reduce the DSB levels induced by I-131 in peripheral lymphocytes.

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Neuroprotective effect of melatonin on radiation‐induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the brainstem of rats

Cited by 31 publications

References 53 publications

Melatonin—A Potent Therapeutic for Stroke and Stroke-Related Dementia

Melatonin—A Potent Therapeutic for Stroke and Stroke-Related Dementia

Coumarins and Gastrointestinal Cancer: A New Therapeutic Option?

The radioprotective effects of melatonin and nanoselenium on DNA double-strand breaks in peripheral lymphocytes caused by I-131

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