Neuroprotective effect of dietary black seed flour on key enzymes linked with neuronal signaling molecules in rats exposed to mixture of environmental metals

Abstract

The study examined the neuroprotective effect of dietary black seed flour (D‐BSF) in rats exposed to mixed‐metals. Animals were divided into six groups (n = 8): normal control rats; normal rats treated with 10 and 20% black seed flour (D‐BSF), respectively; intoxicated rat; intoxicated rats treated with 10 and 20% D‐BSF, respectively for 14 days. Our results revealed that neuronal signaling molecules including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butrylcholinesterase (BuChE), adenosine deaminase (ADA), monoamine oxidase‐A (MAO‐A) activities, and malonaldehyde (MDA) levels in cerebral cortex were significantly (p < .05) higher followed by alteration in the activity of econucleotidase using ATP, ADP, and AMP as substrates in rats exposed to mixed metals. Remarkably, D‐BSF significantly (p < .05) inhibited the activities of AChE, BuChE, ADA, and MAO‐A with corresponding wellness of the neuronal MDA contents. However, inhibition of AChE, BuChE, ADA, MAO‐A, ectoenzymes activities suggests possible mechanisms by which D‐BSF prevent mixed‐metal toxicity in cerebral cortex of male rats. Practical application Nigella sativa (Black seed) is widely used in Asian traditional medicine and some part of Africa, as prevention against several diseases such as cough, inflammation and diabetes. Previous investigations have also shown that black seed oil could delay carcinogenic process, inhibit inflammation and interrupt oxidative damage in nephrons. It is also commonly consumed for its supposed multi‐functioning ability and neuronal promoting effects. The results of this study revealed valuable evidence concerning the possible usage of D‐BSF as natural, alternative and/or complementary supplement with neuroprotective potentials. Hence, this study underscores D‐BSF as functional food against neurological disorders and suggests some possible mechanisms by which it prevents mixed‐metal intoxication in cerebral cortex of male rats.

Metabolic treatment of syndrome linked with Parkinson's disease and hypothalamus pituitary gonadal hormones by turmeric curcumin in Bisphenol-A induced neuro-testicular dysfunction of wistar rat

“…This condition makes BA34Q to bind cerebral proteins forming DNA adducts to elicit lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes reduction, therefore leading to deregulation of hypothalamus pituitary gonadal hormones and cellular injury [70] . Significant elevation of the neuronal tissue levels of MDA (lipid peroxidation) has been linked with xenobiotic induced PD [58] confirming bisphenol-A toxicity. Consistent with these studies [68] , [71] .…”

“…Our results showed that BPA toxicity cause significant elevation of neuronal NO level, altering neuronal functions, as afore described by behavioral and morphological alterations in rats [54] on exposure to arsenic. Some studies reported that PD is a neurodegenerative disorder manifested by numerous deformities including inflammation triggered by high level of NO [55] , [56] , mitochondrial dysfunction and heavy metal accumulation in substantia nigra cells [57] , [58] . Also, high levels of neuronal NO and inducible NO synthase (NOS) were found in substantia nigra of patients and animal models having PD [59] , [60] .…”

Lycopene Supresses Palmitic acid-induced Neuro-oxidoinflammation via Attenuation of Oxidative stress and NF-κB-p65 activation in Female Rats

“…Akin to AchE and ADA, monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) is involved in neurologic disorders (Akintunde et al, 2018). Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) are a group of Flavin-containing enzymes that cleaves the amino group from biogenic and xenobiotic amines in vivo and functions in, the mood control, motivation and reward in the brain (Nwanna et al, 2019).…”

“…The activity of ectonucleotidases (NTPDases) usually shows the extent of nucleotide breakdown in the cell (ATP hydrolysis), and might be used as an index to assess the bioenergetic status of the brain (Akintunde et al, 2018). ATPase breaks down ATP into ADP and Pi with a concomitant release of energy for the metabolic process while 5'-Nucleotidase (5'-NTD) breaks down AMP to adenosine and Pi.…”

“…Adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity was assayed for, as a direct measurement of the formation of ammonia produced when adenosine deaminase reacts with excess of adenosine (Akintunde et al, 2018). Concisely, 50 µL of the sample was reacted with 21mM of buffered adenosine; pH 6.5, incubated for 1 hour at 37°C.…”