Neuroprotective effect of 3-morpholinosydnonimine against Zn2+-induced PC12 cell death

Effect of short‐term exposure of cumulus–oocyte complex to 3‐morpholinosydnonimine on in vitro embryo development and gene expression in cattle

“…Yet, to assess the motility, a decrease in total and progressive motility was observed when 1000 μM SIN‐1 was applied; nevertheless, mitochondrial membrane potential was significantly decreased in all concentrations used (200–1000 μM SIN‐1) (Uribe et al., ). It was also observed that SIN‐1 pre‐treatment in PC12 cells reduces cell death induced by Zn 2+ in a concentration‐dependent manner, triggering a neuroprotective effect by inducing glutathione reductase and increasing the proportion of oxidized glutathione/total glutathione (An et al., ). NO plays a very important role in the progression to stage metaphase II (MII) in oocytes; at high concentrations it is cytotoxic, but at lower concentrations it stimulates cytoplasmic maturation and increases the blastocyst rate (Viana et al., ).…”

“…SIN‐1 is a potent vasodilator and a ROS and RNS donor (Blanco Garcia et al., ). In an aqueous solution and in the presence of molecular oxygen, SIN‐1 releases O 2 − and NO, which may react and produce peroxynitrite (An, Moon, Hong, Kang, & Seo, ). It has been observed that SIN‐1 (100 μM) can accelerate the capacitation of bovine cryopreserved sperm (Rodriguez & Beconi, ), but decreases total and progressive motility as well as some sperm kinetic parameters in human spermatozoa (Uribe, Boguen, Treulen, Sánchez, & Villegas, ).…”