Neurophysiological Face Processing Deficits in Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia: An MEG Study

Ohara, Naotoshi; Hirano, Yoji; Oribe, Naoya; Tamura, Shuji; Nakamura, Itta; Hirano, Shogo; Tsuchimoto, Rikako; Ueno, Takefumi; Togao, Osamu; Hiwatashi, Akio; Nakao, Tomohiro; Onitsuka, Toshiaki

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.554844

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Consequently, their face tuning becomes lower (as reflected in our findings). In accord with this, in SZ, the M170 component of magnetoencephalographic (MEG) response even to upright fullseen faces is slackly localized in the occipital areas, whereas neurotypical participants exhibit activation in the fusiform face area (FFA), a brain region heavily engaged in face processing 133 . When seeing inverted faces, SZ patients might use the same strategy as with upright faces, while changing a strategy (from holistic with upright to a serial one with inversion) requires additional efforts in healthy participants.…”

Section: Display Inversion Effect In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 74%

Face pareidolia in male schizophrenia

et al. 2022

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Faces are valuable signals for efficient social interaction. Yet, social cognition including the sensitivity to a coarse face scheme may be deviant in schizophrenia (SZ). Tuning to faces in non-face images such as shadows, grilled toasts, or ink blots is termed face pareidolia. This phenomenon is poorly investigated in SZ. Here face tuning was assessed in 44 male participants with SZ and person-by-person matched controls by using recently created Face-n-Thing images (photographs of non-face objects to a varying degree resembling a face). The advantage of these images is that single components do not automatically trigger face processing. Participants were administered a set of images with upright and inverted (180° in the image plane) orientation. In a two-alternative forced-choice paradigm, they had to indicate whether an image resembled a face. The findings showed that: (i) With upright orientation, SZ patients exhibited deficits in face tuning: they provided much fewer face responses than controls. (ii) Inversion generally hindered face pareidolia. However, while in neurotypical males, inversion led to a drastic drop in face impression, in SZ, the impact of orientation was reduced. (iii) Finally, in accord with the signal detection theory analysis, the sensitivity index (d-prime) was lower in SZ, whereas no difference occurred in decision criterion. The outcome suggests altered face pareidolia in SZ is caused by lower face sensitivity rather than by alterations in cognitive bias. Comparison of these findings with earlier evidence confirms that tuning to social signals is lower in SZ, and warrants tailored brain imaging research.

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Section: Display Inversion Effect In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 74%

Face pareidolia in male schizophrenia

et al. 2022

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“…The difference in complexity between schizophrenia patients and controls was the most significant in the frontal and occipital areas, and there was almost no difference in the central area. By investigating the literature on different aspects of schizophrenia, we concluded that the above results may be related to disorders of the brain (such as abnormalities in functional connectivity [18,22], the synchrony of oscillations [48,49], or structure [50,51]) in patients with schizophrenia. As a result of this disordered brain activity, the communication between brain neurons is abnormal in schizophrenia patients, which increases the complexity of their MEG signals [25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Based on the characteristics of MEG signals in patients with schizophrenia, researchers have determined a variety of techniques for analyzing MEG signals in this population. These techniques include traditional time-frequency domain analysis [2,11,12], neurofeedback [13][14][15][16][17], cerebral hemisphere asymmetry [10,18], event-related potentials [16,19,20], and brain connectivity analysis [15,17,18,21,22]. The human brain is a very complex nonlinear system, but it is difficult to use the aforementioned methods to extract information on nonlinear dynamics from the brain signals of patients with schizophrenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiscale Weighted Permutation Entropy Analysis of Schizophrenia Magnetoencephalograms

Bai

Yao

Wang

et al. 2022

Entropy

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Schizophrenia is a neuropsychiatric disease that affects the nonlinear dynamics of brain activity. The primary objective of this study was to explore the complexity of magnetoencephalograms (MEG) in patients with schizophrenia. We combined a multiscale method and weighted permutation entropy to characterize MEG signals from 19 schizophrenia patients and 16 healthy controls. When the scale was larger than 42, the MEG signals of schizophrenia patients were significantly more complex than those of healthy controls (p<0.004). The difference in complexity between patients with schizophrenia and the controls was strongest in the frontal and occipital areas (p<0.001), and there was almost no difference in the central area. In addition, the results showed that the dynamic range of MEG complexity is wider in healthy individuals than in people with schizophrenia. Overall, the multiscale weighted permutation entropy method reliably quantified the complexity of MEG from schizophrenia patients, contributing to the development of potential magnetoencephalographic biomarkers for schizophrenia.

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“…Eimer & Holmes, 2002, 2007, for exceptions). Moreover, individual differences in N170 or the magnetoencephalography (MEG) equivalent M170 responses have been linked to attachment styles, social skills, social anxiety, psychopathy, and negative symptoms (Escobar et al, 2013; Meaux et al, 2014; Ohara et al, 2020; Rossignol et al, 2012, 2013; Zhang et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurophysiological indices of face processing in people with psychosis and their siblings: An event‐related potential study

Wynn

Clayson

Green

et al. 2023

Eur J of Neuroscience

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People with schizophrenia experience difficulties with social interactions. One contributor to these social deficits is dysfunction in processing facial features and facial emotional expressions. However, it is not known whether face processing deficits are evident in those with other psychotic disorders or in those genetically at‐risk for psychosis (i.e., first‐degree relatives of those with psychosis). We assessed event‐related potentials (ERPs) during a facial and emotion processing task in 100 people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or another psychotic condition (PSY), 32 of their siblings (SIB) and 45 healthy comparison participants (CTL). In separate blocks, participants identified the sex (male or female) or emotion (happy, angry, neutral) of faces. In a comparison condition, participants indicated whether buildings had one or two floors. ERPs were examined in two stages. First, we compared ERPs across the emotion, sex and building identification conditions. Second, we compared ERPs among the three different facial emotions. PSY exhibited significantly lower amplitudes over parietal‐occipital regions between 111 and 151 ms when viewing faces but not buildings than CTL, consistent with a face‐selective N170 ERP component deficit. The SIB group was intermediate for faces, but not significantly different than PSY or CTL. During emotion identification, all three groups showed increased N170 amplitudes to angry and happy versus neutral expressions, with no group differences. In follow up analyses, we examined differences between PSY with or without affective psychosis, and differences between those with schizophrenia versus other psychotic disorders; there were no significant differences in these analyses. Face processing deficits assessed with ERPs were observed in a group of diverse psychotic disorders, though deficits were not seen to be modulated by facial emotion expression. Additionally, N170 deficits are not evident in siblings of those with PSY.

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Neurophysiological Face Processing Deficits in Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia: An MEG Study

Cited by 6 publications

References 53 publications

Face pareidolia in male schizophrenia

Face pareidolia in male schizophrenia

Multiscale Weighted Permutation Entropy Analysis of Schizophrenia Magnetoencephalograms

Neurophysiological indices of face processing in people with psychosis and their siblings: An event‐related potential study

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