Neurophysiological effects of exercise in the heat

Roelands, Bart; Pauw, Kevin De; Meeusen, Romain

doi:10.1111/sms.12350

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 107 publications

(242 reference statements)

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“…30°C) environment (81). In a series of experiments the influence of neurotransmission on endurance performance in the heat was examined (for a recent review see 77). This paradigm was chosen because in the previous experiments with bupropion, core temperature was elevated by ~0.3° throughout the experiment compared to the placebo situation.…”

Section: Fatigue In High Environmental Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Contributions to Muscle Fatigue

Taylor

Amann

Duchateau

et al. 2016

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

375

198

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During exercise, there is a progressive reduction in the ability to produce muscle forces. Processes within the nervous system, as well as within the muscles contribute to this fatigue. In addition to impaired function of the motor system, sensations associated with fatigue, and impairment of homeostasis can contribute to impairment of performance during exercise. This review discusses some of the neural changes that accompany exercise and the development of fatigue. The role of brain monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems in whole-body endurance performance is discussed, particularly with regard to exercise in hot environments. Next, fatigue-related alterations in the neuromuscular pathway are discussed in terms of changes in motor unit firing, motoneuron excitability and motor cortical excitability. These changes have mostly been investigated during single-limb isometric contractions. Finally, the small-diameter muscle afferents that increase firing with exercise and fatigue are discussed. These afferents have roles in cardiovascular and respiratory responses to exercise, and in impairment of exercise performance through interaction with the motor pathway, as well as providing sensations of muscle discomfort. Thus, changes at all levels of the nervous system including the brain, spinal cord, motor output, sensory input and autonomic function occur during exercise and fatigue. The mix of influences and the importance of their contribution varies with the type of exercise being performed.

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Section: Fatigue In High Environmental Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Contributions to Muscle Fatigue

Taylor

Amann

Duchateau

et al. 2016

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

375

198

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, considering the position and orientation of the rooms in HC2, T increase was most likely caused by sun shining; the room walls almost entirely consisted of glass panels (Table 1S) and entering heat power might warm up room air by few degrees [13]. As regular exercising in environmental conditions such as elevated T and increased RH can cause various health consequences [94,96,97], comfort parameters should be maintained within the recommended ranges (by proper use of air conditioning systems, room insulating, sun/heat reductions, and etc. ).…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor air quality in health clubs: Impact of occupancy and type of performed activities on exposure levels

Slezáková

Peixoto

Pereira

et al. 2018

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Associations between indoor air quality (IAQ) and health in sport practise environments are not well understood due to limited knowledge of magnitude of inhaled pollutants. Thus, this study assessed IAQ in four health clubs (HC1-HC4) and estimated inhaled doses during different types of activities. Gaseous (TVOCs, CO, O, CO) and particulate pollutants (PM, PM) were continuously collected during 40 days. IAQ was influenced both by human occupancy and the intensity of the performed exercises. Levels of all pollutants were higher when clubs were occupied (p < 0.05) than for vacant periods, with higher medians in main workout areas rather than in spaces/studios for group activities. In all spaces, TVOCs highly exceeded legislative limit (600 μg/m), even when unoccupied, indicating possible risks for the respective occupants. CO levels were well correlated with relative humidity (r 0.534-0.625) and occupancy due to human exhalation and perspiration during exercising. Clubs with natural ventilations exhibited twice higher PM, with PM accounting for 93-96% of PM; both PM were highly correlated (r 0.936-0.995) and originated from the same sources. Finally, cardio classes resulted in higher inhalation doses than other types of exercising (1.7-2.6).

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“…In sport science, there is more emphasis on the higher frequency bands (alpha, beta, and gamma) brain oscillations characterized by lower amplitude and higher frequency . However, in sport activity the slow waves (delta and theta oscillations) and their relationship with performance continue to be understudied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EEG rhythms in prefrontal cortex as predictors of anxiety among youth soccer players

Sultanov

İsmailova

2019

Transl Sports Med

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Anxiety is a feeling of agitation and restlessness in response to certain situations. It is a generally unpleasant emotional state manifesting, to a greater or lesser extent, with a triple cognitive, physiological, and behavioral response to stimuli that are perceived as dangerous or threatening. These stimuli are environmental or psychological. 1 There are various forms of anxiety, which includes excessive worrying, a sense of fear, restlessness, overly emotional reaction, or negative thinking. 2 In addition, examining the influence of self-presentational concerns on athlete emotions prior to the initiation of a competitive performance is important because pre-game emotions likely influence actual performance. 3 In competitive sports, anxiety and self-confidence are considered two essential factors affecting the athlete's performance. 4 Moreover, a similar anxiety is seen as an emotion characterized by negative effect that can have a debilitating effect on performance. 5 According to Eysenck, anxiety could therefore have a positive, a negative, or no effect at all upon performance, depending on the individual's level of anxiety and the attentional demands of the performance task. Together, the degree to which pre-competitive anxiety influences athlete's performance is largely dependent upon the interaction of the athlete's uniqueness (temperament) and the competition situation. 6 A theory of competitive anxiety 7 suggests that sport competition is an evaluative process, which creates some kind of uncertainty about the outcome before the actual competition has occurred. The greater is uncertainty concerning the result of competition and the importance of the competition, the greater is threat. This perception of the threat The study explores the oscillations of EEG rhythms at rest in eyes-open and eyesclosed conditions in relationship to the competitive anxiety. Youth soccer players (n = 16) were the participants of the study. To assess anxiety state, participants completed the Sport Competition Anxiety Test. The EEG was recorded using singlechannel mobile EEG system on the prefrontal cortex. Regression model was used to analyze EEG rhythms as predictor of anxiety by cross-sectional study. Regression analyses revealed that the indicator of eyes-open condition based on delta rhythm is the predictor with positive slope to the prediction of the level of competitive anxiety (P ≤ 0.01). The indicator of eyes-closed condition based on theta rhythm is the predictor with negative slope to the prediction of the level of competitive anxiety (P ≤ 0.03). The findings are interpreted to suggest that delta and theta rhythms are a plausible neurobiological index of anxiety and can distinguish anxiety in sport competition. A slow EEG oscillation predicts formation of competitive anxiety in soccer players and appears to reflect the mechanism of the defensive inhibition in prefrontal cortex to competitive anxiety. Application of the portable EEG system may provide an efficient and valid predictor of emotional state of soccer playe...

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Neurophysiological effects of exercise in the heat

Cited by 30 publications

References 107 publications

Neural Contributions to Muscle Fatigue

Neural Contributions to Muscle Fatigue

Indoor air quality in health clubs: Impact of occupancy and type of performed activities on exposure levels

EEG rhythms in prefrontal cortex as predictors of anxiety among youth soccer players

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