Neuropeptide proctolin in postural motoneurons of the crayfish

Bishop, CA; Jj, Wine; O’Shea, Michael

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.04-08-02001.1984

Cited by 73 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Neuromodulators can alter intrinsic membrane properties of pattern generating neurons and can modulate the synaptic interactions between them. Similarly, they can alter the NMJ or the contractile properties of muscles (e.g., Beilin and Pasztor 1989;Bishop et al 1984Bishop et al , 1987Brezina et al 2000b;Erxleben et al 1995;Marder 1996, 1997). Moreover, the stretch receptors that make up many feedback systems are subject to neuromodulation (e.g., Billimoria et al 2006;Birmingham et al 2003;Bush 1987, 1989;Pasztor and Golas 1993), and sensory feedback can in return modulate, particularly on a cycle to cycle basis, the output of CPGs (reviewed in Buschges et al 2008;Rossignol et al 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Related neuropeptides use different balances of unitary mechanisms to modulate the cardiac neuromuscular system in the American lobster,Homarus americanus

Dickinson

Calkins

Stevens

2015

Journal of Neurophysiology

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To produce flexible outputs, neural networks controlling rhythmic motor behaviors can be modulated at multiple levels, including the pattern generator itself, sensory feedback, and the response of the muscle to a given pattern of motor output. We examined the role of two related neuropeptides, GYSDRNYLRFamide (GYS) and SGRNFLRFamide (SGRN), in modulating the neurogenic lobster heartbeat, which is controlled by the cardiac ganglion (CG). When perfused though an isolated whole heart at low concentrations, both peptides elicited increases in contraction amplitude and frequency. At higher concentrations, both peptides continued to elicit increases in contraction amplitude, but GYS caused a decrease in contraction frequency, while SGRN did not alter frequency. To determine the sites at which these peptides induce their effects, we examined the effects of the peptides on the periphery and on the isolated CG. When we removed the CG and stimulated the motor nerve with constant bursts of stimuli, both GYS and SGRN increased contraction amplitude, indicating that each peptide modulates the muscle or the neuromuscular junction. When applied to the isolated CG, neither peptide altered burst frequency at low peptide concentrations; at higher concentrations, SGRN decreased burst frequency, whereas GYS continued to have no effect on frequency. Together, these data suggest that the two peptides elicit some of their effects using different mechanisms; in particular, given the known feedback pathways within this system, the importance of the negative (nitric oxide) relative to the positive (stretch) feedback pathways may differ in the presence of the two peptides. cardiac ganglion; FMRFamide-like peptide; feedback ADAPTIVE RHYTHMIC BEHAVIOR is determined not only by the output of the nervous system, but also by the interactions of the nervous system with the periphery. Output from the nervous system is transformed into movement at the level of the muscles by way of the neuromuscular transform (Brezina et al. 2000a(Brezina et al. , 2000bBrezina and Weiss 2000;Williams et al. 2013); the resulting movements determine the level and nature of feedback from the periphery, which can in turn affect the output of the nervous system. Thus the generation of rhythmic movements is determined by the integration of activity, inputs, and interactions of multiple components of the multilayered neuromuscular system: the central pattern generator (CPG) and motor neurons, the neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) and muscles, and feedback systems.

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confidence: 99%

Related neuropeptides use different balances of unitary mechanisms to modulate the cardiac neuromuscular system in the American lobster,Homarus americanus

Dickinson

Calkins

Stevens

2015

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…The penta-peptide proctolin (H-Arg-Tyr-Leu-Pro-Thr-NH,) was originally isolated as "gut-factor" from the cockroach Periplaneta americana (Brown, 1967). Subsequently, its presence was demonstrated in neurons of a number of arthropods, mainly crnstaceans and insects (e.g., Bishop et al, 1984;Siwicki et al, 1985;Marder et al, 1986;Siwicki and Bishop, 1986;Stangier et al, 1986;Beltz et al, 1990;Orchard, 1989 for review on insects). In motorneurons, it is thought to coexist with the excitatory transmitter glutamate (Witten and O'Shea, 1985;Bishop et al, 1987;Bartos et al, 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The amplitude of neurally evoked contractions is enhanced by pre-and/or postsynaptic action of the peptide (crustacean skeletal muscle: Schwarz et al, 1980;Bishop et al, 1984;Mercier and Wilkens, 1985;Pasztor and Golas, 1993;insect hyponeural, skeletal, andvisceral muscle: Cook andHolman, 1980, 1985;Evans, 1984;Hertel et al, 1985;Hertel and Penzlin, 1986;Baines et al, 1990;Bauer, 1991; Limulus heart and skeletal muscle: Benson et al, 1981;Watson et al, 1983;Rane et al, 1984;Watson and Hoshi, 1985).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of proctolin on contractions, membrane resistance, and non- voltage-dependent sarcolemmal ion channels in crustacean muscle fibers

1995

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The neuropeptide proctolin in nanomolar concentrations enhances the contraction of crustacean muscle fibers manyfold. The cellular mechanisms underlying this potentiation were investigated in single, isolated, fast-contracting abdominal extensor muscle fibers of a small crustacean, the marine isopod Idotea baltica. Force measurements and current-clamp experiments revealed two actions of proctolin on the muscle fibers. In half of the preparations, proctolin (10(-9)-10(-6) M) increased the fiber's input resistance by up to 25%. In about one- fourth of the preparations, proctolin induced all-or-none action potentials in response to depolarizing current pulses in muscle fibers that showed graded electric responses under control conditions. In both cases, proctolin potentiated the peak force of muscle contractions (between 1.5- and 18-fold for 5 x 10(-9) M proctolin). Proctolin affected neither the membrane resting potential nor the threshold for excitation-contraction coupling. Using cell-attached patches on the sarcolemmal membrane, we identified non-voltage-dependent ion channels which contribute to the passive membrane properties of the muscle fibers. A 53 +/- 6 pS channel had its reversal potential near rest and carried outward current at depolarized potentials with physiological saline in the recording pipette. With isotonic K+ saline in the patch pipette, the reversal potential was +85 +/- 12 mV depolarized from the resting potential and single-channel conductances ranged from 36 to 166 pS. Proctolin modulated the activity of all these putative K+ channels by reducing the number of functionally active channels. The effects of proctolin on force of contraction, input resistance, and single-channel activity were mimicked by a membrane-permeating analog of cAMP. Conversely, a monothio analog of cAMP (Rp-cAMPS), a blocker of protein kinase A activity, substantially decreased the membrane input resistance of the muscle fibers. The results suggest that activation of the cAMP signal pathway and phosphorylation of non-voltage-dependent K+ channels by protein kinase A are involved in the potentiation of contractions by proctolin in the muscle fibers of this crustacean.

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“…It is present in the central nervous systems of decapod crustaceans, where it is thought to act as a neurotransmitter, in motor neurons, where it acts as a co-transmitter, and in neurohaemal organs, notably the pericardial organs, which are thought to release proctolin as a neurohormone. [114][115][116][117] Proctolin is associated with crustacean stomatogastric nervous systems and hindgut, [117][118][119][120] suggesting a role in digestion. Proctolin is present in the cockroach central nervous system 121) and in the lateral neurosecretory cells (3 pairs) in the brain of Drosophila where it is coexpressed with corazonin and a cardioacceleratory neuropeptide.…”

Section: Proctolinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular physiology of crustacean and insect neuropeptides

Mercier¹,

Doucet

Retnakaran³

2007

J. Pestic. Sci.

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One of the principal hallmarks of a living organism is its ability to respond to stimuli. As the unicellular organisms evolved into multicellular metazoans, the external signals perceived had to be transduced to several other cells requiring a neuronal network with its accompanying biochemical neurotransmitters. The progressive increase in complexity of the organisms necessitated the need for an integrated signal transducing system collecting external sensory stimuli and sending them to effector systems such that a dynamic equilibrium or homeostasis, which is essential for survival, could be maintained. During the course of evolution many advanced sense organs were developed to detect various parameters in the environment, and concomitantly different internal effector systems were formed to respond to these signals received from outside to maintain homeostasis. Coordination was achieved with a network of electrical conductors in the form of an arborized nervous system and a variety of hydrophilic biochemicals that acted as neurotransmitters carrying the sensory signals to the internal effector systems. As the animal became increasingly complex, a sophisticated neurotransmission system catering to the spatial and temporal needs during growth, development and reproduction had to be in place. Parts of the nervous tissue in many locations took on a secretory role and released protein signal transducers, the neuropeptides. A panoply of such neuropeptides exist in all organisms functioning as neurohormones, neurotransmitters or neuromodulators. Aspects of neuropeptide structure and function in insects and crustaceans have been reviewed by various authors. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The neuropeptides are ligands to their cognate receptors in the ef- Organisms have to constantly respond to environmental conditions to maintain a status of dynamic homeostasis for survival. As single celled organisms evolved into multicellular animals, intercellular and inter-organ communications became indispensable not only to orchestrate homeostasis but also to control the many events punctuating metazoan development. To accomplish this need, a signal transduction system was evolved, consisting of an arborized network of nerves as well as a collection of oligopeptide neurotransmitters (neuropeptides) along with their cognate receptors. We review here the current state of our understanding of the physiology of neuropeptides in the most species-rich group of animals, the crustaceans and insects. The vast majority of neuropeptides signal through cell-surface guanosine-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). These neuropeptide-receptor systems control a variety of physiological functions, for instance the numerous involuntary movements of internal ducts that are precisely timed for transporting reproductive, digestive and secretory materials. The rigid exoskeleton in Crustaceans and Insects require periodic molts to accomplish growth and metamorphosis and this is harmoniously regulated by a cascade of neuropeptides. Neuropeptides also regul...

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Neuropeptide proctolin in postural motoneurons of the crayfish

Cited by 73 publications

References 22 publications

Related neuropeptides use different balances of unitary mechanisms to modulate the cardiac neuromuscular system in the American lobster,Homarus americanus

Related neuropeptides use different balances of unitary mechanisms to modulate the cardiac neuromuscular system in the American lobster,Homarus americanus

Effects of proctolin on contractions, membrane resistance, and non- voltage-dependent sarcolemmal ion channels in crustacean muscle fibers

Molecular physiology of crustacean and insect neuropeptides

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