Neuropathological survey reveals underestimation of the prevalence of neuroinfectious diseases in cattle in Switzerland

Truchet, Laura; Walland, Julia Gianna Marlene; Wüthrich, Daniel; Boujon, Céline Louise; Posthaus, Horst; Bruggmann, Rémy; Schüpbach‐Regula, Gertraud; Oevermann, Anna; Seuberlich, Torsten

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.07.027

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Eventually, such samples could also be subjected to untargeted genome analyses using next generation sequencing [53]. In fact, a recent study from rabies-free Switzerland demonstrated the prevalence of neuro-infectious diseases in fallen cattle, particularly in those with neurological disorders [54]. As for dog rabies surveillance, education should result in higher submission rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology and epidemiology of rabies in humans, domestic animals and wildlife in Namibia, 2011-2017

Hikufe¹,

Freuling²,

Athingo³

et al. 2019

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease that causes a heavy burden on societies. Namibia, a country in southern Africa, is aiming at controlling the disease in its main reservoir, the domestic dog. To facilitate the implementation comprehensive information on the ecology and epidemiology of the disease and surveillance is of utmost importance. The study presented assesses the baseline data for both human and animal rabies surveillance in Namibia in recent times and establishes correlations with ecological and socio-economic data in order to provide an up-to-date picture on the epidemiology of rabies in Namibia. For instance, it was important to identify the main drivers in the epidemiology, and whether the control strategy by mass vaccination of dogs is undermined by cycles of rabies in wildlife. Rabies in humans was reported mainly from the Northern Communal Areas (NCAs), with a total of 113 cases from 2011 to 2017, representing an incidence of between 1.0 and 2.4 annual human rabies deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. Kavango, the region with the highest human rabies incidence was also the region with the lowest animal rabies surveillance intensity. Generally, the vast majority (77%) of dog samples originated from communal farm land, followed by urban areas (17%), while only a small fraction (3%) was submitted from freehold farm areas. In contrast, kudu and eland submissions were almost exclusively from freehold farmland (76%) and urban areas (19%), whereas the submission of cattle samples was evenly distributed among freehold farms (46%) and communal farm land (46%). The likelihood of sample submission decreased exponentially with distance to one of the two laboratories. Overall, 67% (N = 1,907) of all samples submitted tested rabies-positive, with the highest positivity rate observed in kudus (89%) and jackals (87%). The transmission cycle of rabies in dogs appears restricted to the northern communal areas of Namibia, whilst rabies in wildlife species is predominately reported from farmland in central Namibia, mostly affecting kudu ( Tragelaphus strepsiceros) and livestock with a likely reservoir in wildlife canids such as jackals or bat-eared foxes. The analysis confirms the presence of two independent transmission cycles in Namibia with little geographic overlap, thus allowing for a sustainable control of rabies in dogs in the NCAs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology and epidemiology of rabies in humans, domestic animals and wildlife in Namibia, 2011-2017

Hikufe¹,

Freuling²,

Athingo³

et al. 2019

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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“…Over the last few years, reports of astrovirus-associated neurological diseases have increased in many species all over the world [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]25]. One of these reported astroviruses is BoAstV-CH13/NeuroS1, which has been frequently identified in cattle in Switzerland suffering from viral encephalitis and is therefore considered an important etiological agent in this species [11,13,14,26]. To our knowledge, BoAstV-CH13/NeuroS1 has not been detected in other animals, and to this day, no astrovirus-infections have been reported in alpacas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astrovirus-Associated Polioencephalomyelitis in an Alpaca

Küchler

Rüfli

Koch

et al. 2020

Viruses

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An 8-year-old alpaca was admitted to the emergency service of the Clinic for Ruminants in Bern due to a reduced general condition and progressive neurological signs. Despite supportive treatment, its condition deteriorated and the animal had to be euthanized. Histopathological analysis revealed a severe non-suppurative polioencephalomyelitis with neuronal necrosis, most likely of viral origin. We detected abundant neuronal labelling with antibodies directed against two different epitopes of Bovine Astrovirus CH13/NeuroS1 (BoAstV-CH13/NeuroS1), which is a common viral agent associated with non-suppurative encephalitis in Swiss cattle. These findings were further verified by detection of viral RNA by use of in-situ hybridization and real-time RT-PCR. Next generation sequencing revealed that the detected virus genome had a pairwise identity of 98.9% to the genome of BoAstV-CH13/NeuroS1. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an astrovirus-associated polioencephalomyelitis in an alpaca. These results point to the possibility of an interspecies transmission of BoAstV-CH13/NeuroS1.

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“…Despite the discovery of cattle astroviruses several decades ago, the association between bovine astroviruses and encephalitis was only made in 2013 [ 106 ]. Subsequently, a multitude of case reports have been published [ 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 ]. Cross-species transmission has also been identified, as a bovine astrovirus was detected from brain tissue from a sheep suffering from encephalitis [ 120 ].…”

Section: Central Nervous System Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the Gastrointestinal Tract: The Emerging and Diverse Tissue Tropisms of Astroviruses

Janowski

2021

Viruses

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Astroviruses are single stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses that have been historically associated with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract of vertebrates, including humans. However, there is now a multitude of evidence demonstrating the capacity of these viruses to cause extraintestinal diseases. The most striking causal relationship is neurological diseases in humans, cattle, pigs, and other mammals, caused by astrovirus infection. Astroviruses have also been associated with disseminated infections, localized disease of the liver or kidneys, and there is increasing evidence suggesting a potential tropism to the respiratory tract. This review will discuss the current understanding of the tissue tropisms for astroviruses and their emerging capacity to cause disease in multiple organ systems.

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Neuropathological survey reveals underestimation of the prevalence of neuroinfectious diseases in cattle in Switzerland

Cited by 18 publications

References 35 publications

Ecology and epidemiology of rabies in humans, domestic animals and wildlife in Namibia, 2011-2017

Ecology and epidemiology of rabies in humans, domestic animals and wildlife in Namibia, 2011-2017

Astrovirus-Associated Polioencephalomyelitis in an Alpaca

Beyond the Gastrointestinal Tract: The Emerging and Diverse Tissue Tropisms of Astroviruses

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