Neuropathogenic human coronaviruses: A review

Abdelaziz, Osama S.; Waffa, Zuraiha

doi:10.1002/rmv.2118

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, as noticed above, the size of brainstem lesions may be enhanced by combination of systemic inflammation, ischemic thrombotic/embolic lesions or ependymal capillary vasculitis within the brain ventricles [55] , [67] . Notably, we cannot exclude the confinement of SARS-CoV-2 in cranial nerve ganglia during remission and re-invasion of the CNS, heart and lungs via the axonal retrograde transport, in accord with other neurotropic viruses [68] .…”

Section: Neurotropism Of Sars-cov-2 Short-circuits the Neural Cardiovmentioning

confidence: 85%

Understanding the heart-brain axis response in COVID-19 patients: A suggestive perspective for therapeutic development

Lionetti

Coppini

Gerbino

et al. 2021

Pharmacological Research

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In-depth characterization of heart-brain communication in critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory failure is attracting significant interest in the COronaVIrus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic era during intensive care unit (ICU) stay and after ICU or hospital discharge. Emerging research has provided new insights into pathogenic role of the deregulation of the heart-brain axis (HBA), a bidirectional flow of information, in leading to severe multiorgan disease syndrome (MODS) in patients with confirmed infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Noteworthy, HBA dysfunction may worsen the outcome of the COVID-19 patients. In this review, we discuss the critical role HBA plays in both promoting and limiting MODS in COVID-19. We also highlight the role of HBA as new target for novel therapeutic strategies in COVID-19 in order to open new translational frontiers of care. This is a translational perspective from the Italian Society of Cardiovascular Researches.

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Section: Neurotropism Of Sars-cov-2 Short-circuits the Neural Cardiovmentioning

confidence: 85%

Understanding the heart-brain axis response in COVID-19 patients: A suggestive perspective for therapeutic development

Lionetti

Coppini

Gerbino

et al. 2021

Pharmacological Research

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“…Finally, 45 systematic reviews met the inclusion criteria and were included in this overview. 11 – 55 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neurological symptoms of COVID-19: a systematic overview of systematic reviews, comparison with other neurological conditions and implications for healthcare services

Wildwing

Holt

2021

Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease

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Aims: In response to the rapid spread of COVID-19, this paper provides health professionals with better accessibility to available evidence, summarising findings from a systematic overview of systematic reviews of the neurological symptoms seen in patients with COVID-19. Implications of so-called ‘Long Covid’ on neurological services and primary care and similarities with other neurological disorders are discussed. Methods: Firstly, a systematic overview of current reviews of neurological symptoms of COVID-19 was conducted. Secondly, the implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the potential effect on neurological services and the similarities in the experience of patients with COVID-19 and those with other neurological disorders. A total of 45 systematic reviews were identified within seven databases, published between 11 April 2020 and 15 October 2020, following a search in June 2020, updated on 20 October 2020. Results: The results indicated that COVID-19 exhibits two types of neurological symptoms; life-threatening symptoms such as Guillain–Barre Syndrome (GBS) and encephalitis, and less devastating symptoms such as fatigue and myalgia. Many of these so-called lesser symptoms appear to be emerging as longer-term for some sufferers and have been recently labelled Long Covid. When compared, these less devastating symptoms are very similar to other neurological conditions such as chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and functional neurological disorder (FND). Conclusion: Implications for neurological healthcare services in the United Kingdom (UK) may include longer waiting times and a need for more resources (including more qualified health professionals). There is also a possible change-effect on health professionals’ perceptions of other neurological conditions such as CFS and FND. Future research is recommended to explore changes in health professionals’ perceptions of neurological symptoms because of COVID-19.

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“…In summary, accumulated evidence from clinical studies has shown a variety of neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations in SARS2 patients (Table 1). However, more convincible evidence for direct viral infection to the nervous system remains to be found in addition to the indirect contribution of systemic immune/inflammatory responses after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection 46 . The availability of the advanced new technologies for neuropathogenic studies on human brain specimen are expected to continuously provide in‐depth findings of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in the nervous system.…”

Section: Clinical Evidence Of Sars‐cov‐2 Infection In the Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular mechanisms underlying neurological/neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID‐19

Bodnar

Patel

et al. 2020

Journal of Medical Virology

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Patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection manifest mainly respiratory symptoms. However, clinical observations frequently identified neurological symptoms and neuropsychiatric disorders related to COVID‐19 (Neuro‐SARS2). Accumulated robust evidence indicates that Neuro‐SARS2 may play an important role in aggravating the disease severity and mortality. Understanding the neuropathogenesis and cellular mechanisms underlying Neuro‐SARS2 is crucial for both basic research and clinical practice to establish effective strategies for early detection/diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. In this review, we comprehensively examine current evidence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in various neural cells including neurons, microglia/macrophages, astrocytes, pericytes/endothelial cells, ependymocytes/choroid epithelial cells, and neural stem/progenitor cells. Although significant progress has been made in studying Neuro‐SARS2, much remains to be learned about the neuroinvasive routes (transneuronal and hematogenous) of the virus and the cellular/molecular mechanisms underlying the development/progression of this disease. Future and ongoing studies require the establishment of more clinically relevant and suitable neural cell models using human induced pluripotent stem cells, brain organoids, and postmortem specimens.

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Neuropathogenic human coronaviruses: A review

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

Understanding the heart-brain axis response in COVID-19 patients: A suggestive perspective for therapeutic development

Understanding the heart-brain axis response in COVID-19 patients: A suggestive perspective for therapeutic development

The neurological symptoms of COVID-19: a systematic overview of systematic reviews, comparison with other neurological conditions and implications for healthcare services

Cellular mechanisms underlying neurological/neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID‐19

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