Neurons expressing individual enzymes of dopamine synthesis in the mediobasal hypothalamus of adult rats: Functional significance and topographic interrelations

Ugrumov, M. V.; Taxi, J; Pronina, T. S.; Kurina, A.; Sorokin, Alexandr; Sapronova, A. Ya.; Calas, A.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.06.051

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Several neuronal populations in human ACC express TH but lack AADC, or express AADC but lack TH (Ikemoto et al 1999). These "mono-enzymatic neurons" are thought to synthesize dopamine in cooperation: TH-expressing neurons produce L-dopa and may transfer it using an unknown mechanism to mono-enzymatic neurons that lack TH but express AADC (Ugrumov et al 2014). Notably, these neuron populations have not been evaluated for VMAT2 expression in the human brain.…”

Section: An Uncharacterized Mode Of Monoaminergic Function In Vens and Fork Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Von Economo Neurons and Fork Cells: A Neurochemical Signature Linked to Monoaminergic Function

et al. 2016

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The human anterior cingulate and frontoinsular cortices are distinguished by 2 unique Layer 5 neuronal morphotypes, the von Economo neurons (VENs) and fork cells, whose biological identity remains mysterious. Insights could impact research on diverse neuropsychiatric diseases to which these cells have been linked. Here, we leveraged the Allen Brain Atlas to evaluate mRNA expression of 176 neurotransmitter-related genes and identified vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor subunit θ (GABRQ), and adrenoreceptor α-1A (ADRA1A) expression in human VENs, fork cells, and a minority of neighboring Layer 5 neurons. We confirmed these results using immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridization. VMAT2 and GABRQ expression was absent in mouse cerebral cortex. Although VMAT2 is known to package monoamines into synaptic vesicles, in VENs and fork cells its expression occurs in the absence of monoamine-synthesizing enzymes or reuptake transporters. Thus, VENs and fork cells may possess a novel, uncharacterized mode of cortical monoaminergic function that distinguishes them from most other mammalian Layer 5 neurons.

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Section: An Uncharacterized Mode Of Monoaminergic Function In Vens and Fork Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Von Economo Neurons and Fork Cells: A Neurochemical Signature Linked to Monoaminergic Function

et al. 2016

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“…Some of these proteins are characteristic of only a number of specific neuronal types. Thus, tyrosine hydroxylase, an enzyme involved in the synthesis of catecholamines, can be detected in the population of catecholaminergic neurons and monoenzyme neurons involved in the synthesis of catecholamines [ 1 , 2 ], while choline acetyltransferase allows one to label cholinergic neurons [ 3 ]. Other specific proteins are present in the vast majority of neurons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NeuN As a Neuronal Nuclear Antigen and Neuron Differentiation Marker

2015

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The NeuN protein is localized in nuclei and perinuclear cytoplasm of most of the neurons in the central nervous system of mammals. Monoclonal antibodies to the NeuN protein have been actively used in the immunohistochemical research of neuronal differentiation to assess the functional state of neurons in norm and pathology for more than 20 years. Recently, NeuN antibodies have begun to be applied in the differential morphological diagnosis of cancer. However, the structure of the protein, which can be revealed by antibodies to NeuN, remained unknown until recently, and the functions of the protein are still not fully clear. In the present mini-review, data on NeuN accumulated so far are summarized and analyzed. Data on the structure and properties of the protein, its isoforms, intracellular localization, and hypothesized functions are reported. The application field of immunocytochemical detection of NeuN in scientific and clinical studies, as well as the difficulties in the interpretation of the obtained experimental data and their possible causes, is described in details.

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“…These cells do not contain immunohistochemically-detectable levels of any subsequent catecholaminergic enzymes, including aromatic amino acid decarboxylase, nor do they contain the vesicular transporter required for catecholamine storage (Gaspar et al, 1987; Ikemoto et al, 1999; Weihe et al, 2006). If cortical TH-IR cells contain active TH but lack other catecholaminergic enzymes and uptake proteins, they may be classified as “postclassical” monoenzymatic catecholaminergic cells that synthesize L-DOPA as an end-product (i.e., dopaergic) (Ugrumov, 2009; Ugrumov et al, 2014; Weihe et al, 2006). Dopaergic neurons in the developing and adult rat hypothalamus, for example, supply L-DOPA to neighboring monoenzymatic AADC-producing cells, which then synthesize dopamine (Ugrumov et al, 2004, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If cortical TH-IR cells contain active TH but lack other catecholaminergic enzymes and uptake proteins, they may be classified as “postclassical” monoenzymatic catecholaminergic cells that synthesize L-DOPA as an end-product (i.e., dopaergic) (Ugrumov, 2009; Ugrumov et al, 2014; Weihe et al, 2006). Dopaergic neurons in the developing and adult rat hypothalamus, for example, supply L-DOPA to neighboring monoenzymatic AADC-producing cells, which then synthesize dopamine (Ugrumov et al, 2004, 2014). Results from Misu and coworkers (2003), on the other hand, suggest that L-DOPA exocytosis shares properties of neurotransmitter release and therefore L-DOPA may function as a transmitter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tyrosine hydroxylase-producing neurons in the human cerebral cortex do not colocalize with calcium-binding proteins or the serotonin 3A receptor

Asmus

Raghanti

Beyerle

et al. 2016

Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy

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Interneurons of the cerebral cortex play a significant role in cortical information processing and are of clinical interest due to their involvement in neurological disorders. In the human neocortex, three subsets of interneurons can be identified based on the production of the calcium-binding proteins parvalbumin, calretinin or calbindin. A subset of interneurons in the mouse cortex expresses the serotonin 3A receptor (5-HT3AR). Previous work in humans has also demonstrated the presence of a subgroup of cortical neurons that produces the catecholaminergic enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). Many TH-producing cells in the rat cortex coexpress calretinin and are adjacent to blood vessels. However, little is known about the phenotype of these TH interneurons in humans. Here we immunohistochemically examined the coexpression of TH with parvalbumin, calretinin, calbindin or 5-HT3AR in human Brodmann’s areas 10 and 24, cortical regions with high densities of TH-containing neurons. Colocalization of TH with these calcium-binding proteins and with 5-HT3AR was not detected in either area. Cortical TH cells were rarely apposed to blood vessels, denoted by immunolabeling for the gliovascular marker aquaporin-4. Our results suggest that the TH-immunoreactive cells in the human cortex do not overlap with any known neurochemically-defined subsets of interneurons and provide further evidence of differences in the phenotype of these cells across species.

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Neurons expressing individual enzymes of dopamine synthesis in the mediobasal hypothalamus of adult rats: Functional significance and topographic interrelations

Cited by 23 publications

References 37 publications

Von Economo Neurons and Fork Cells: A Neurochemical Signature Linked to Monoaminergic Function

Von Economo Neurons and Fork Cells: A Neurochemical Signature Linked to Monoaminergic Function

NeuN As a Neuronal Nuclear Antigen and Neuron Differentiation Marker

Tyrosine hydroxylase-producing neurons in the human cerebral cortex do not colocalize with calcium-binding proteins or the serotonin 3A receptor

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