Neurons Derived from a Human Teratocarcinoma Cell Line Establish Molecular and Structural Polarity Following Transplantation into the Rodent Brain

Direct isolation of human central nervous system stem cells

“…Therefore, these cells are likely to reveal developmental and functional pathways inherent in human neuronal systems not modified by the functions of oncogenes or already neoplastically transformed cell lines (11,41,42). The prospective isolation of human CNS-SC provides several opportunities to delineate directly the lineages that derive from cells at a particular stage of differentiation, to obtain a gene expression profile of hCNS-SC, and their immediate downstream progeny in vitro or in vivo, and to test whether specific gene modification of the cells alters their engraftment, migration, differentiation, and͞or functional integration.…”

Stroke repair with cell transplantation: neuronal cells, neuroprogenitor cells, and stem cells

“…Animal transplantation studies of LBS neurons reveal graft survival, a mature neuronal phenotype, and integration into the host brain in vivo. 16,33,34 Layton BioScience neurons xenografted into different regions of the CNS of nude mice showed viable cells in 90% of recipients, with some grafts surviving for up to 14 months. Grafted LBS neurons initially remained similar to their in vitro counterparts, but then progressively acquired the phenotype of fully mature neurons in vivo.…”

Cell therapy for stroke

“…NT2-treated cells also yield a complement of daughter cells that retain the original phenotype. 13 Treatment with RA and mitotic inhibitors for several weeks ultimately results in the production of postmitotic, neuron-like cells (NT2N), 13,14 which express neurotransmitters, 15 functional glutamate receptors, 16 calcium channels, 17 mature neurofilament and cytoskeletal proteins, 18 and other proteins indicative of secretory activity and synaptogenesis. 14,19 They fail to acquire a fully mature phenotype in culture and terminally differentiate only when transplanted to the animal brain.…”